Peru, sentence 75
From Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
By the 18th century, declining silver production and economic diversification greatly diminished royal income.
Who acts: 18th century · What happens: decline, diminish · To what, where: silver production, royal income
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Peru». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (18th century), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 4 century | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 century | det |
| 3 | 18th | 18th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 4 century | amod |
| 4 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 diminished | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 declining | punct |
| 6 | declining | decline | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 century | acl |
| 7 | silver | silver | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 production | amod |
| 8 | production | production | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 declining | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 diversification | cc |
| 10 | economic | economic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 diversification | amod |
| 11 | diversification | diversification | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 production | conj |
| 12 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 13 diminished | advmod |
| 13 | diminished | diminish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 income | amod |
| 15 | income | income | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 diminished | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 diminished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | decline | gerund | the 18th century not said here | silver production and economic diversification | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent production=Theme | ||||
| 2 | diminish | past | royal income | century | greatly property | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer income=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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