Poland, sentence 37
From Wikipedia, «Poland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Furthermore, archaeological findings confirmed the presence of Roman Legions sent to protect the amber trade.
Who acts: archaeological findings, presence · What happens: confirm, send, protect · To what, where: amber trade
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Poland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (archaeological findings, presence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Furthermore | furthermore | ADV | _ | 5 confirmed | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Furthermore | punct |
| 3 | archaeological | archaeological | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 findings | amod |
| 4 | findings | finding | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 confirmed | nsubj |
| 5 | confirmed | confirm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 presence | det |
| 7 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sent | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Legions | case |
| 9 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 Legions | amod |
| 10 | Legions | legion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 presence | nmod |
| 11 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 confirmed | ccomp |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 protect | mark |
| 13 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 sent | advcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 trade | det |
| 15 | amber | amber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 trade | compound |
| 16 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 protect | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 confirmed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | confirm | past | archaeological findings | furthermore property | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | send | past | the presence of Roman Legions | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | protect | to-infinitive | the presence of Roman Legions not said here | the amber trade | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trade=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Poland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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