Porto-Novo, sentence 24
From Wikipedia, «Porto-Novo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Of note is the fact that the Nigeria-Benin southern border area arbitrarily cuts through contiguous areas of Yoruba and Egun-speaking people.
Who acts: Nigeria Benin, southern border area, Yoruba · What happens: be, area, cut, speak · To what, where: fact, contiguous areas, people · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Porto-Novo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nigeria Benin, southern border area, Yoruba), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 2 note | case |
| 2 | note | note | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fact | obl |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fact | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 fact | det |
| 5 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 cuts | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 area | det |
| 8 | Nigeria | Nigeria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Benin | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Nigeria | punct |
| 10 | Benin | Benin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 area | nsubj |
| 11 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 area | amod |
| 12 | border | border | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 area | compound |
| 13 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cuts | nsubj |
| 14 | arbitrarily | arbitrarily | ADV | _ | 15 cuts | advmod |
| 15 | cuts | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fact | acl |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 areas | case |
| 17 | contiguous | contiguous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 areas | amod |
| 18 | areas | area | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cuts | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Yoruba | case |
| 20 | Yoruba | Yoruba | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 areas | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Egun | cc |
| 22 | Egun | Egun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Yoruba | conj |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 speaking | punct |
| 24 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 Yoruba | acl |
| 25 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 speaking | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fact | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the fact | of note | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | area | Nigeria Benin | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | cut | present | the southern border area | the fact not said here | contiguous areas of Yoruba and Egun | arbitrarily property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fact=Product | ||
| 4 | speak speech: other | gerund | Yoruba and Egun not said here | people | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Porto-Novo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Porto-Novo/24/