Prague, sentence 82
From Wikipedia, «Prague», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The earliest evidence indicates that a gonfalon with a municipal charge painted on it was used for the Old Town as early as 1419.
Who acts: earliest evidence · What happens: indicate, paint, use · To what, where: municipal charge, gonfalon
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Prague». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earliest evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 evidence | det |
| 2 | earliest | early | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 evidence | amod |
| 3 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 indicates | nsubj |
| 4 | indicates | indicate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 used | mark |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 gonfalon | det |
| 7 | gonfalon | gonfalon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 used | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 charge | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 charge | det |
| 10 | municipal | municipal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 charge | amod |
| 11 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gonfalon | nmod |
| 12 | painted | paint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 charge | acl |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 it | case |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 painted | obl |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 used | aux:pass |
| 16 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 indicates | ccomp |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 Town | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Town | det |
| 19 | Old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 Town | amod |
| 20 | Town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 used | obl |
| 21 | as | as | ADV | _ | 22 early | advmod |
| 22 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 1419 | advmod |
| 23 | as | as | ADP | _ | 24 1419 | case |
| 24 | 1419 | 1419 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 used | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 indicates | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | indicate | present | the earliest evidence | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | paint | participle | a municipal charge not said here | gonfalon | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on it=Destination | ||||
| 3 | use | past · passive | a gonfalon with a municipal charge | for the Old Town; as 1419 | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as 1419=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Prague», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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