Pretoria, sentence 22
From Wikipedia, «Pretoria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Boer Republics of the ZAR and the Orange River Colony were united with the Cape Colony and Natal Colony in 1910 to become the Union of South Africa.
Who acts: Boer Republics · What happens: be, become · To what, where: Union
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pretoria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Boer Republics), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Republics | det |
| 2 | Boer | Boer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Republics | compound |
| 3 | Republics | Republic | PROPN | Number=Plur | 13 united | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 ZAR | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 ZAR | det |
| 6 | ZAR | ZAR | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Republics | nmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 Colony | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Colony | det |
| 9 | Orange | Orange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 Colony | amod |
| 10 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Colony | compound |
| 11 | Colony | Colony | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 ZAR | conj |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 united | cop |
| 13 | united | united | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 Colony | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Colony | det |
| 16 | Cape | Cape | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Colony | compound |
| 17 | Colony | Colony | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 united | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 Colony | cc |
| 19 | Natal | Natal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Colony | compound |
| 20 | Colony | Colony | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Colony | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 1910 | case |
| 22 | 1910 | 1910 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 Colony | nmod |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 become | mark |
| 24 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 united | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Union | det |
| 26 | Union | Union | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 become | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Africa | case |
| 28 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Africa | compound |
| 29 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Union | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 united | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the Boer Republics of the ZAR and the Orange River Colony | with the Cape Colony and Natal Colony in 1910; united property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | become | to-infinitive | the Boer Republics of the ZAR and the Orange River Colony not said here | the Union of South Africa | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient union=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Pretoria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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