Reykjavík, sentence 82
From Wikipedia, «Reykjavík», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Summers are cold, with temperatures fluctuating between 10 and 15 C, rarely exceeding 20 C. This is a result of exposure to the maritime winds in its exposed west coast location that causes it to be much cooler in summer than similar latitudes in mainland Scandinavia.
Who acts: Summers, temperatures, This, exposed west coast location · What happens: be, fluctuate, exceed, expose, cause · To what, where: 20 C., result, location
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Reykjavík». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Summers, temperatures, This, exposed west coast location), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Summers | summer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cold | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 cold | cop |
| 3 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 temperatures | punct |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 temperatures | case |
| 6 | temperatures | temperature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cold | parataxis |
| 7 | fluctuating | fluctuate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 temperatures | acl |
| 8 | between | between | ADP | _ | 9 10 | case |
| 9 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 fluctuating | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 15 | cc |
| 11 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 10 | conj |
| 12 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 10 | nmod:unmarked |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 exceeding | punct |
| 14 | rarely | rarely | ADV | _ | 15 exceeding | advmod |
| 15 | exceeding | exceed | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 fluctuating | conj |
| 16 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 C. | nummod |
| 17 | C. | C. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 exceeding | obj |
| 18 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 result | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 result | cop |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 result | det |
| 21 | result | result | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 exceeding | ccomp |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 exposure | case |
| 23 | exposure | exposure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 result | nmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 winds | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 winds | det |
| 26 | maritime | maritime | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 winds | amod |
| 27 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 exceeding | obl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 location | case |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 location | nmod:poss |
| 30 | exposed | expose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 location | amod |
| 31 | west | west | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 location | amod |
| 32 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 location | compound |
| 33 | location | location | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 winds | nmod |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 causes | nsubj |
| 35 | causes | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 location | acl:relcl |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 causes | obj |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 cooler | mark |
| 38 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 40 cooler | cop |
| 39 | much | much | ADV | _ | 40 cooler | advmod |
| 40 | cooler | cool | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 35 causes | advcl |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 summer | case |
| 42 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 cooler | obl |
| 43 | than | than | ADP | _ | 45 latitudes | case |
| 44 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 latitudes | amod |
| 45 | latitudes | latitude | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 cooler | obl |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 Scandinavia | case |
| 47 | mainland | mainland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 Scandinavia | compound |
| 48 | Scandinavia | Scandinavia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 latitudes | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cold | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Summers | temperatures parataxis; cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fluctuate | gerund | temperatures not said here | between 10 C | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | exceed | gerund | temperatures not said here | 20 C. | to the maritime winds in wind's exposed west coast location; rarely property | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot c.=Theme | |||
| 4 | is a | present | This | a result | of exposure | tree rules | |||
| 5 | expose | participle | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 6 | cause | present | wind's exposed west coast location | location | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient | ||||
| 7 | is | to-infinitive | wind's exposed west coast location not said here | summer | than similar latitudes in mainland Scandinavia; cool property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Reykjavík», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Reykjavík/82/