Romania, sentence 115
From Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Wallachian revolutionaries were the first to adopt the blue, yellow and red tricolour as the national flag, which included the motto "Justice, Fraternity" (Dreptate, Frăție) to symbolise the bond between Wallachians and Moldavians.
Who acts: Wallachian revolutionaries, national flag · What happens: be, adopt, include, symbolise · To what, where: blue tricolour, motto, bond
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Romania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wallachian revolutionaries, national flag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 revolutionaries | det |
| 2 | Wallachian | Wallachian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 revolutionaries | compound |
| 3 | revolutionaries | revolutionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 first | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 first | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 first | det |
| 6 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 adopt | mark |
| 8 | adopt | adopt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 first | advcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 tricolour | det |
| 10 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tricolour | amod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 yellow | punct |
| 12 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 blue | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 red | cc |
| 14 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 blue | conj |
| 15 | tricolour | tricolour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 adopt | obj |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 flag | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 flag | det |
| 18 | national | national | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 flag | amod |
| 19 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 adopt | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 included | punct |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 included | nsubj |
| 22 | included | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 flag | acl:relcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 motto | det |
| 24 | motto | motto | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 included | obj |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Justice | punct |
| 26 | Justice | justice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 motto | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Fraternity | punct |
| 28 | Fraternity | fraternity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 motto | conj |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 Fraternity | punct |
| 30 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 31 Dreptate | punct |
| 31 | Dreptate | Dreptate | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Fraternity | appos |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Frăție | punct |
| 33 | Frăție | Frăție | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Dreptate | conj |
| 34 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 31 Dreptate | punct |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 symbolise | mark |
| 36 | symbolise | symbolise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 included | advcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 bond | det |
| 38 | bond | bond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 symbolise | obj |
| 39 | between | between | ADP | _ | 40 Wallachians | case |
| 40 | Wallachians | Wallachian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 38 bond | nmod |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 Moldavians | cc |
| 42 | Moldavians | Moldavian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 40 Wallachians | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 first | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the Wallachian revolutionaries | first property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | adopt | to-infinitive | the Wallachian revolutionaries not said here | the blue tricolour | as the national flag | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent tricolour=Theme as flag=Attribute | |||
| 3 | include | past | the national flag | the motto and Justice and Fraternity | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent motto=Theme | ||||
| 4 | symbolise | to-infinitive | the national flag not said here | the bond | between Wallachians and Moldavians | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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