Romania, sentence 355
From Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Since the Romanian revolution of 1989, the Romanian educational system has been in a continuous process of reform that has received mixed criticism.
Who acts: Romanian educational system · What happens: be, receive, mix · To what, where: continuous process, reform
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Romania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Romanian educational system), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | ADP | _ | 4 revolution | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 revolution | det |
| 3 | Romanian | Romanian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 revolution | compound |
| 4 | revolution | revolution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 process | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 1989 | case |
| 6 | 1989 | 1989 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 revolution | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 revolution | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 system | det |
| 9 | Romanian | romanian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 system | amod |
| 10 | educational | educational | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 system | amod |
| 11 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 process | nsubj |
| 12 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 process | aux |
| 13 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 process | cop |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 process | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 process | det |
| 16 | continuous | continuous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 process | amod |
| 17 | process | process | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 reform | case |
| 19 | reform | reform | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 process | nmod |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 received | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 received | aux |
| 22 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 reform | acl:relcl |
| 23 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 criticism | amod |
| 24 | criticism | criticism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 received | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 process | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · perfect | the Romanian educational system | a continuous process | since the Romanian revolution of 1989 | of reform | tree rules | ||
| 2 | receive | present · perfect · passive | reform | mixed criticism obj | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme criticism=Location | ||||
| 3 | mix | participle | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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