Romania, sentence 46
From Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Goths' rule ended abruptly when the Huns invaded their territory in 376, causing new waves of migrations.
Who acts: rule, Huns, Goths · What happens: end, invade, cause, rule, wave · To what, where: territory, 376, new waves, migrations
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Romania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rule, Huns, Goths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Goths | det |
| 2 | Goths | Goth | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 rule | nmod:poss |
| 3 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 2 Goths | case |
| 4 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ended | nsubj |
| 5 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | abruptly | abruptly | ADV | _ | 5 ended | advmod |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 invaded | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Huns | det |
| 9 | Huns | Hun | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 invaded | nsubj |
| 10 | invaded | invade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ended | advcl |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 territory | nmod:poss |
| 12 | territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 invaded | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 376 | case |
| 14 | 376 | 376 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 invaded | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 causing | punct |
| 16 | causing | cause | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 invaded | advcl |
| 17 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 waves | amod |
| 18 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 causing | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 migrations | case |
| 20 | migrations | migration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 waves | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 ended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | end | past | the Goths's rule | abruptly property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | invade | past | the Huns | Goths's territory | 376 | tree rules | |||
| 3 | cause | gerund | the Huns not said here | new waves of migrations | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wave=Patient | ||||
| 4 | rule | the Goths | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | wave | migrations | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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