Rwanda, sentence 11
From Wikipedia, «Rwanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In the 15th century, one kingdom, under King Gihanga, managed to incorporate several of its close neighbour territories establishing the Kingdom of Rwanda.
Who acts: close neighbour territories · What happens: manage, incorporate, establish · To what, where: several, Kingdom
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Rwanda». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (close neighbour territories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 century | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 century | det |
| 3 | 15th | 15th | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 century | amod |
| 4 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 managed | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 kingdom | punct |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 kingdom | nummod |
| 7 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 century | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Gihanga | punct |
| 9 | under | under | ADP | _ | 11 Gihanga | case |
| 10 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Gihanga | compound |
| 11 | Gihanga | Gihanga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 kingdom | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 century | punct |
| 13 | managed | manage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 incorporate | mark |
| 15 | incorporate | incorporate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 managed | xcomp |
| 16 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 incorporate | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 territories | case |
| 18 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 territories | nmod:poss |
| 19 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 territories | amod |
| 20 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 territories | compound |
| 21 | territories | territory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 several | obl |
| 22 | establishing | establish | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 territories | acl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Kingdom | det |
| 24 | Kingdom | Kingdom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 establishing | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Rwanda | case |
| 26 | Rwanda | Rwanda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Kingdom | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 managed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | manage | past | century | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | incorporate | to-infinitive | several of population's close neighbour territories | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent several=Patient | |||||
| 3 | establish | gerund | population's close neighbour territories not said here | the Kingdom of Rwanda | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kingdom=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Rwanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Rwanda/11/