Rwanda, sentence 157
From Wikipedia, «Rwanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The country's longest river is the Nyabarongo, which rises in the south-west, flows north, east, and southeast before merging with the Ruvubu to form the Kagera; the Kagera then flows due north along the eastern border with Tanzania.
Who acts: longest river, Nyabarongo, southeast, Kagera · What happens: be, rise, flow, merge, form · To what, where: Nyabarongo, south west, Kagera, eastern border
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Rwanda». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (longest river, Nyabarongo, southeast, Kagera), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 country | det |
| 2 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 river | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 country | case |
| 4 | longest | long | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 river | amod |
| 5 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Nyabarongo | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 Nyabarongo | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Nyabarongo | det |
| 8 | Nyabarongo | Nyabarongo | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 rises | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 rises | nsubj |
| 11 | rises | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 Nyabarongo | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 west | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 west | det |
| 14 | south | south | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 west | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 south | punct |
| 16 | west | west | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 rises | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 flows | punct |
| 18 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 rises | conj |
| 19 | north | north | ADV | _ | 18 flows | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 east | punct |
| 21 | east | east | ADV | _ | 18 flows | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 southeast | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 southeast | cc |
| 24 | southeast | southeast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 flows | conj |
| 25 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 26 merging | mark |
| 26 | merging | merge | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 southeast | acl |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 Ruvubu | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Ruvubu | det |
| 29 | Ruvubu | Ruvubu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 merging | obl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 form | mark |
| 31 | form | form | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 merging | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Kagera | det |
| 33 | Kagera | Kagera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 form | obj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 flows | punct |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Kagera | det |
| 36 | Kagera | Kagera | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 flows | nsubj |
| 37 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 flows | advmod |
| 38 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 rises | conj |
| 39 | due | due | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 flows | xcomp |
| 40 | north | north | ADV | _ | 39 due | advmod |
| 41 | along | along | ADP | _ | 44 border | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 border | det |
| 43 | eastern | eastern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 border | amod |
| 44 | border | border | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 flows | obl |
| 45 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 Tanzania | case |
| 46 | Tanzania | Tanzania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 border | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 Nyabarongo | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the country's longest river | the Nyabarongo | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | rise | present | the Nyabarongo | the south west | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in west=Location | ||||
| 3 | flow | present | the Nyabarongo not said here | southeast conj; east, north property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | merge | gerund | southeast not said here | with the Ruvubu | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with ruvubu=Co-Patient | ||||
| 5 | form | to-infinitive | southeast not said here | the Kagera | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location kagera=Theme | ||||
| 6 | flow | present | the Kagera | the eastern border with Tanzania | then | due property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along border=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Rwanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Rwanda/157/