San Marino, sentence 93
From Wikipedia, «San Marino», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Besides general legislation, the Grand and General Council approves the budget and elects the captains regent, the Congress of State (composed of ten secretaries of state with executive power), the Council of Twelve, the Advising Commissions, and the Government Unions.
Who acts: Grand · What happens: approve, elect, compose · To what, where: budget, captains regent, Congress
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «San Marino». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Besides | besides | ADP | _ | 3 legislation | case |
| 2 | general | general | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 legislation | amod |
| 3 | legislation | legislation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 approves | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 legislation | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Grand | det |
| 6 | Grand | Grand | PROPN | _ | 10 approves | nsubj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Council | cc |
| 8 | General | General | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Council | nmod:desc |
| 9 | Council | Council | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Grand | conj |
| 10 | approves | approve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 budget | det |
| 12 | budget | budget | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 approves | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 elects | cc |
| 14 | elects | elect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 approves | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 regent | det |
| 16 | captains | captain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 regent | compound |
| 17 | regent | regent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 elects | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Congress | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Congress | det |
| 20 | Congress | Congress | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 regent | conj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 State | case |
| 22 | State | State | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Congress | nmod |
| 23 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 24 composed | punct |
| 24 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 Congress | acl:relcl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 secretaries | case |
| 26 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 secretaries | nummod |
| 27 | secretaries | secretary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 composed | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 state | case |
| 29 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 secretaries | nmod |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 power | case |
| 31 | executive | executive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 power | amod |
| 32 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 composed | obl |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 24 composed | punct |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 Council | punct |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Council | det |
| 36 | Council | Council | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 elects | parataxis |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Twelve | case |
| 38 | Twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 Council | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Commissions | punct |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Commissions | det |
| 41 | Advising | Advising | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Commissions | compound |
| 42 | Commissions | commission | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 Council | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 Unions | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 Unions | cc |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 Unions | det |
| 46 | Government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 Unions | compound |
| 47 | Unions | union | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 elects | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 approves | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approve | present | the Grand and Council General | the budget | besides general legislation | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent budget=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | elect | present | the Grand and Council General not said here | the captains regent and the Congress of State | the Government Unions obl; the Council of Twelve and the Advising Commissions parataxis | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent regent=Theme | |||
| 3 | compose | participle | the Congress of State not said here | of ten secretaries of state; with executive power | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «San Marino», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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