Saudi Arabia, sentence 34
From Wikipedia, «Saudi Arabia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A 2011 study found that the first modern humans to spread east across Asia left Africa about 75,000 years ago across the Bab-el-Mandeb connecting the Horn of Africa and Arabia.
Who acts: 2011 study, first modern humans, Asia, Mandeb · What happens: find, spread, leave, connect · To what, where: Africa, Bab el, Horn · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Saudi Arabia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (2011 study, first modern humans, Asia, Mandeb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 study | det |
| 2 | 2011 | 2011 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 study | nummod |
| 3 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 found | nsubj |
| 4 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 spread | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 humans | det |
| 7 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 9 humans | amod |
| 8 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 humans | amod |
| 9 | humans | human | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 spread | nsubj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 spread | mark |
| 11 | spread | spread | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 found | ccomp |
| 12 | east | east | ADV | _ | 11 spread | advmod |
| 13 | across | across | ADP | _ | 15 left | mark |
| 14 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 left | nsubj |
| 15 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 spread | advcl |
| 16 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 left | obj |
| 17 | about | about | ADV | _ | 18 75,000 | advmod |
| 18 | 75,000 | 75,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 years | nummod |
| 19 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 20 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 15 left | advmod |
| 21 | across | across | ADP | _ | 25 el | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 el | det |
| 23 | Bab | bab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 el | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 Bab | punct |
| 25 | el | el | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 left | obl |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 Mandeb | punct |
| 27 | Mandeb | Mandeb | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 el | appos |
| 28 | connecting | connect | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 Mandeb | acl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Horn | det |
| 30 | Horn | Horn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 connecting | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Africa | case |
| 32 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Horn | nmod |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 Arabia | cc |
| 34 | Arabia | Arabia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Horn | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | a 2011 study | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | spread | to-infinitive | the first modern humans | east property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | leave | past | Asia | Africa | the Bab el | ago property | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme africa=Source across el=Destination | ||
| 4 | connect | gerund | Mandeb not said here | the Horn of Africa and Arabia | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Saudi Arabia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Saudi_Arabia/34/