Singapore, sentence 25
From Wikipedia, «Singapore», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The English name of "Singapore" is an anglicisation of the native Malay name for the country, Singapura (siŋapura), which was in turn derived from the Sanskrit word for 'lion city' (सिंहपुर; romanised: Siṃhapura; Brahmi: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭; literally "lion city"; means 'lion', means 'city' or 'fortress').
Who acts: English name, Singapura, lion · What happens: be, derive, romanis, mean, name · To what, where: anglicisation, turn, Sanskrit word, Siṃhapura, city, Singapore · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Singapore». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English name, Singapura, lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 name | det |
| 2 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 name | amod |
| 3 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 anglicisation | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Singapore | case |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Singapore | punct |
| 6 | Singapore | Singapore | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 name | nmod |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 name | punct |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 anglicisation | cop |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 anglicisation | det |
| 10 | anglicisation | anglicisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 name | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 name | det |
| 13 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 name | amod |
| 14 | Malay | Malay | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 name | compound |
| 15 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 anglicisation | nmod |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 country | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 country | det |
| 18 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 name | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Singapura | punct |
| 20 | Singapura | Singapura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 derived | nsubj |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 siŋapura | punct |
| 22 | siŋapura | siŋapura | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Singapura | appos |
| 23 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 siŋapura | punct |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 turn | punct |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 turn | nsubj |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 turn | cop |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 turn | case |
| 28 | turn | turn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Singapura | appos |
| 29 | derived | derive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 anglicisation | acl:relcl |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 33 word | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 word | det |
| 32 | Sanskrit | Sanskrit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 word | compound |
| 33 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 derived | obl |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 city | case |
| 35 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 37 city | punct |
| 36 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 city | compound |
| 37 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 word | nmod |
| 38 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 37 city | punct |
| 39 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 40 सिंहपुर | punct |
| 40 | सिंहपुर | सिंहपुर | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 city | conj |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 romanised | punct |
| 42 | romanised | romanis | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 anglicisation | conj |
| 43 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 44 Siṃhapura | punct |
| 44 | Siṃhapura | Siṃhapura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 romanised | obl |
| 45 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | punct |
| 46 | Brahmi | Brahmi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | compound |
| 47 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 48 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | punct |
| 48 | 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 anglicisation | conj |
| 49 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 53 city | punct |
| 50 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 53 city | advmod |
| 51 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 53 city | punct |
| 52 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 city | compound |
| 53 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | appos |
| 54 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 53 city | punct |
| 55 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 56 means | punct |
| 56 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 anglicisation | parataxis |
| 57 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 58 lion | punct |
| 58 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 means | nsubj |
| 59 | ', | ', | PUNCT | _ | 58 lion | punct |
| 60 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 means | ccomp |
| 61 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 62 city | punct |
| 62 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 means | obj |
| 63 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 62 city | punct |
| 64 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 66 fortress | cc |
| 65 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 66 fortress | punct |
| 66 | fortress | fortress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 city | conj |
| 67 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 66 fortress | punct |
| 68 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 60 means | punct |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 anglicisation | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the English name of Singapore | a anglicisation and Brahmi 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 | of the native Malay name for the country; Brahmi 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | Singapura | turn | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | derive | past | Singapura | a anglicisation and Brahmi 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭 not said here | the Sanskrit word for lion city and सिंहपुर | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent anglicisation=Result from word=Material | |||
| 4 | romanis | participle | the English name of Singapore not said here | Siṃhapura | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | mean | present | lion | city or fortress | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Topic | ||||
| 7 | name | Singapore | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Singapore», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Singapore/25/