Singapore, sentence 346
From Wikipedia, «Singapore», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Upgraded in 1998 and renamed Electronic Road Pricing (ERP), the system introduced electronic toll collection, electronic detection, and video surveillance technology.
Who acts: system · What happens: upgrade, rename, introduce · To what, where: 1998, Road Pricing, electronic toll collection
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Singapore». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (system), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Upgraded | upgrade | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 1998 | case |
| 3 | 1998 | 1998 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 1 Upgraded | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 renamed | cc |
| 5 | renamed | rename | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Upgraded | conj |
| 6 | Electronic | Electronic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Road | compound |
| 7 | Road | Road | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Pricing | compound |
| 8 | Pricing | Pricing | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 renamed | obj |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 ERP | punct |
| 10 | ERP | ERP | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Pricing | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 ERP | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 introduced | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 system | det |
| 14 | system | system | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 introduced | nsubj |
| 15 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 renamed | conj |
| 16 | electronic | electronic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 collection | amod |
| 17 | toll | toll | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 collection | compound |
| 18 | collection | collection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 introduced | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 detection | punct |
| 20 | electronic | electronic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 detection | amod |
| 21 | detection | detection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 collection | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 technology | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 technology | cc |
| 24 | video | video | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 surveillance | compound |
| 25 | surveillance | surveillance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 technology | compound |
| 26 | technology | technology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 renamed | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Upgraded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | upgrade | participle | 1998 | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | rename | past | Road Pricing | surveillance technology obl | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent pricing=Result | ||||
| 3 | introduce | past | the system | electronic toll collection and electronic detection | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent collection=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Singapore», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Singapore/346/