Skopje, sentence 113
From Wikipedia, «Skopje», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Several neoclassical buildings destroyed in the 1963 earthquake were rebuilt, including the national theatre, and the streets and squares were refurbished.
What happens: destroy, rebuild, refurbish · To what, where: Several neoclassical buildings, 1963 earthquake, streets
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Skopje». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 buildings | amod |
| 2 | neoclassical | neoclassical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 buildings | amod |
| 3 | buildings | building | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 rebuilt | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 buildings | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 earthquake | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 earthquake | det |
| 7 | 1963 | 1963 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 earthquake | nummod |
| 8 | earthquake | earthquake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 destroyed | obl |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 rebuilt | aux:pass |
| 10 | rebuilt | rebuild | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 theatre | punct |
| 12 | including | including | ADP | _ | 15 theatre | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 theatre | det |
| 14 | national | national | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 theatre | amod |
| 15 | theatre | theatre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rebuilt | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 refurbished | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 refurbished | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 streets | det |
| 19 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 refurbished | nsubj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 squares | cc |
| 21 | squares | square | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 streets | conj |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 refurbished | aux:pass |
| 23 | refurbished | refurbish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 rebuilt | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 rebuilt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | destroy | participle | Several neoclassical buildings not said here | the 1963 earthquake | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | rebuild | past · passive | Several neoclassical buildings | including the national theatre | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 3 | refurbish | past · passive | the streets and squares | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Skopje», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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