Somalia, sentence 281
From Wikipedia, «Somalia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
From 1971 onward, a massive tree-planting campaign on a nationwide scale was introduced by the communist government to halt the advance of wind-driven sand dunes, which threatened to engulf towns, roads and farm land.
Who acts: communist government, driven sand dunes · What happens: introduce, halt, drive, threaten, engulf, advance · To what, where: massive planting campaign, 1971, advance, towns
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Somalia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (communist government, driven sand dunes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 2 1971 | case |
| 2 | 1971 | 1971 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 introduced | obl |
| 3 | onward | onward | ADV | _ | 2 1971 | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1971 | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 campaign | det |
| 6 | massive | massive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 campaign | amod |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 planting | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 tree | punct |
| 9 | planting | planting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 campaign | compound |
| 10 | campaign | campaign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 introduced | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 scale | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 scale | det |
| 13 | nationwide | nationwide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 scale | amod |
| 14 | scale | scale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 campaign | nmod |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 introduced | aux:pass |
| 16 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 government | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 government | det |
| 19 | communist | communist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 government | amod |
| 20 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 introduced | obl:agent |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 halt | mark |
| 22 | halt | halt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 introduced | advcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 advance | det |
| 24 | advance | advance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 halt | obj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 dunes | case |
| 26 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 driven | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 wind | punct |
| 28 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 dunes | amod |
| 29 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 dunes | compound |
| 30 | dunes | dune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 advance | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 threatened | punct |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 threatened | nsubj |
| 33 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 dunes | acl:relcl |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 engulf | mark |
| 35 | engulf | engulf | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 threatened | xcomp |
| 36 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 engulf | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 roads | punct |
| 38 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 towns | conj |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 land | cc |
| 40 | farm | farm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 land | amod |
| 41 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 towns | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 introduced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | introduce | past · passive | the communist government | a massive planting campaign on a nationwide scale | 1971 | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | |||
| 2 | halt | to-infinitive | the communist government not said here | the advance of driven sand dunes | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector advance=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | drive | participle | wind compound | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | threaten | past | driven sand dunes | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | engulf not said to happen | to-infinitive | driven sand dunes not said here | towns and roads and farm land | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme town=Co-Theme | ||||
| 6 | advance | driven sand dunes | nom advance «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Somalia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Somalia/281/