Somalia, sentence 58
From Wikipedia, «Somalia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The collusive agreement among Somali and Arab traders inflated the price of Indian and Chinese cinnamon in North Africa, the Near East, and Europe, and made the cinnamon trade a very profitable revenue generator, especially for the Somali merchants.
Who acts: collusive agreement, Somali · What happens: inflate, make, merchant · To what, where: price, cinnamon trade
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Somalia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (collusive agreement, Somali), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 agreement | det |
| 2 | collusive | collusive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 agreement | amod |
| 3 | agreement | agreement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 inflated | nsubj |
| 4 | among | among | ADP | _ | 5 Somali | case |
| 5 | Somali | Somali | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 agreement | nmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 traders | cc |
| 7 | Arab | Arab | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 traders | amod |
| 8 | traders | trader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 Somali | conj |
| 9 | inflated | inflate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 price | det |
| 11 | price | price | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 inflated | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 cinnamon | case |
| 13 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 cinnamon | amod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 Chinese | cc |
| 15 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 Indian | conj |
| 16 | cinnamon | cinnamon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 price | nmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 Africa | case |
| 18 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Africa | compound |
| 19 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 cinnamon | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 East | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 East | det |
| 22 | Near | near | ADP | _ | 23 East | case |
| 23 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Africa | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Europe | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 Europe | cc |
| 26 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 inflated | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 made | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 made | cc |
| 29 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 inflated | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 trade | det |
| 31 | cinnamon | cinnamon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 trade | compound |
| 32 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 made | obj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 generator | det |
| 34 | very | very | ADV | _ | 35 profitable | advmod |
| 35 | profitable | profitable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 generator | amod |
| 36 | revenue | revenue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 generator | compound |
| 37 | generator | generator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 made | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 merchants | punct |
| 39 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 43 merchants | advmod |
| 40 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 43 merchants | mark |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 Somali | det |
| 42 | Somali | somali | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 merchants | nsubj |
| 43 | merchants | merchant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 made | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 inflated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | inflate | past | the collusive agreement among Somali and Arab traders | the price of Indian cinnamon in North Africa and the East | Europe obl | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent price=Patient | |||
| 2 | make | past | the cinnamon trade | a profitable revenue generator obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset trade=Beneficiary generator=Product | ||||
| 3 | merchant | present | the Somali | especially property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Somalia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Somalia/58/