South Africa, sentence 125
From Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
It strengthened the racial segregation begun under Dutch and British colonial rule.
Who acts: power · What happens: strengthen, begin · To what, where: racial segregation, Dutch colonial rule
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Africa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 strengthened | nsubj |
| 2 | strengthened | strengthen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 segregation | det |
| 4 | racial | racial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 segregation | amod |
| 5 | segregation | segregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 strengthened | obj |
| 6 | begun | begin | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 segregation | acl |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 12 rule | case |
| 8 | Dutch | dutch | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 rule | amod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 British | cc |
| 10 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Dutch | conj |
| 11 | colonial | colonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 rule | amod |
| 12 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 begun | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 strengthened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strengthen | past | power | the racial segregation | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent segregation=Patient | ||||
| 2 | begin | participle | the racial segregation not said here | Dutch colonial rule | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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