South Africa, sentence 261
From Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
It was imported before the codification of European law into the Napoleonic Code and is comparable in many ways to Scots law.
What happens: import, be, codify · To what, where: Company, many ways, European law, Napoleonic Code
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Africa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 imported | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 imported | aux:pass |
| 3 | imported | import | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | before | before | ADP | _ | 6 codification | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 codification | det |
| 6 | codification | codification | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 imported | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 law | case |
| 8 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 law | amod |
| 9 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 codification | nmod |
| 10 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 Code | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Code | det |
| 12 | Napoleonic | Napoleonic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Code | compound |
| 13 | Code | Code | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 codification | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 comparable | cc |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 comparable | cop |
| 16 | comparable | comparable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 imported | conj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 ways | case |
| 18 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 ways | amod |
| 19 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 comparable | obl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Scots | case |
| 21 | Scots | Scot | PROPN | Number=Plur | 19 ways | nmod |
| 22 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Scots | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 imported | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | import | past · passive | Company | before the codification of European law into the Napoleonic Code | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | many ways to Scots and law | comparable property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | codify | European law | the Napoleonic Code | nom codification «act transitive»: of=patient into=place |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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