South Africa, sentence 404
From Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The mobile communications market is led by major South African operators including Vodacom, MTN, Telkom, Cell C, and Rain.
Who acts: major South African operators · What happens: lead, include · To what, where: communications market
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Africa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (major South African operators), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 market | det |
| 2 | mobile | mobile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 communications | amod |
| 3 | communications | communication | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 market | compound |
| 4 | market | market | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 led | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 led | aux:pass |
| 6 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 operators | case |
| 8 | major | major | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 operators | amod |
| 9 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 operators | compound |
| 10 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 operators | amod |
| 11 | operators | operator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 led | obl |
| 12 | including | include | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 Vodacom | case |
| 13 | Vodacom | Vodacom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 operators | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 MTN | punct |
| 15 | MTN | MTN | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Vodacom | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Telkom | punct |
| 17 | Telkom | Telkom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Vodacom | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 C | punct |
| 19 | Cell | Cell | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 C | compound |
| 20 | C | C | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Vodacom | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Rain | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Rain | cc |
| 23 | Rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 led | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | present · passive | major South African operators include Vodacom and MTN and Telkom and Cell C | the communications market | Rain obl | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | include | gerund | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/404/