South Ossetia, sentence 148
From Wikipedia, «South Ossetia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Abkhaz forces opened a second front on 9 August by attacking the Kodori Gorge, held by Georgia.
Who acts: Abkhaz forces · What happens: open, attack, hold · To what, where: second front, 9, Kodori Gorge
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Ossetia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abkhaz forces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abkhaz | Abkhaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 forces | compound |
| 2 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 opened | nsubj |
| 3 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 front | det |
| 5 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 front | amod |
| 6 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 opened | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 9 | case |
| 8 | 9 | 9 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 opened | obl |
| 9 | August | August | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 9 | nmod:unmarked |
| 10 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 11 attacking | mark |
| 11 | attacking | attack | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 opened | advcl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Gorge | det |
| 13 | Kodori | Kodori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Gorge | compound |
| 14 | Gorge | Gorge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 attacking | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 held | punct |
| 16 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 Gorge | acl |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 Georgia | case |
| 18 | Georgia | Georgia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 held | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 opened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past | Abkhaz forces | a second front | 9 August | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent front=Theme on 9=Location | |||
| 2 | attack | gerund | Abkhaz forces not said here | the Kodori Gorge | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gorge=Patient | ||||
| 3 | hold | participle | the Kodori Gorge not said here | by Georgia | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by georgia=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «South Ossetia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/148/