Switzerland, sentence 27
From Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The Swiss began to adopt the name for themselves after the Swabian War of 1499, used alongside the term for "Confederates", Eidgenossen (literally: comrades by oath), used since the 14th century.
Who acts: Swiss · What happens: begin, adopt, use · To what, where: name, comrades
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Switzerland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swiss), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Swiss | det |
| 2 | Swiss | Swiss | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 adopt | mark |
| 5 | adopt | adopt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 began | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 name | det |
| 7 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 adopt | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 themselves | case |
| 9 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 adopt | obl |
| 10 | after | after | ADP | _ | 13 War | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 War | det |
| 12 | Swabian | Swabian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 War | compound |
| 13 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 adopt | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 1499 | case |
| 15 | 1499 | 1499 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 War | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 used | punct |
| 17 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 began | conj |
| 18 | alongside | alongside | ADP | _ | 20 term | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 term | det |
| 20 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 used | obl |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 Confederates | case |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 Confederates | punct |
| 23 | Confederates | confederate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 term | nmod |
| 24 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 Confederates | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Eidgenossen | punct |
| 26 | Eidgenossen | Eidgenossen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 used | obl:agent |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 literally | punct |
| 28 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 26 Eidgenossen | advmod |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 comrades | punct |
| 30 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 began | parataxis |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 oath | case |
| 32 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 comrades | nmod |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 oath | punct |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 used | punct |
| 35 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 comrades | acl |
| 36 | since | since | ADP | _ | 39 century | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 century | det |
| 38 | 14th | 14th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 39 century | amod |
| 39 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 used | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the Swiss | comrades by oath parataxis | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | adopt | to-infinitive | the Swiss not said here | the name | after the Swabian War of 1499 | for cantons = canton | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme | ||
| 3 | use | participle | the Swiss not said here | alongside the term for Confederates; Eidgenossen obl:agent | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | use | participle | comrades by oath not said here | century | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Switzerland/27/