Switzerland, sentence 525
From Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Traditionally, the first foreign language in school was one of the other Swiss languages, although in 2000, English was elevated in a few cantons.
Who acts: first foreign language · What happens: be, elevate · To what, where: one, English, 2000
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Switzerland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first foreign language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Traditionally | traditionally | ADV | _ | 10 one | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Traditionally | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 language | det |
| 4 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 language | amod |
| 5 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 language | amod |
| 6 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 one | nsubj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 school | case |
| 8 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 language | nmod |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 one | cop |
| 10 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | root | root |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 languages | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 languages | det |
| 13 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 languages | amod |
| 14 | Swiss | Swiss | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 languages | amod |
| 15 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 one | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 elevated | punct |
| 17 | although | although | SCONJ | _ | 23 elevated | mark |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 2000 | case |
| 19 | 2000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 elevated | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 2000 | punct |
| 21 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 elevated | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 elevated | aux:pass |
| 23 | elevated | elevate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 one | conj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 cantons | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 cantons | det |
| 26 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 cantons | amod |
| 27 | cantons | canton | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 elevated | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the first foreign language in school | one | of the other Swiss languages; traditionally property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | elevate | past · passive | English | 2000 | in a few cantons | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme in 2000=Destination in canton=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Switzerland/525/