Tehran, sentence 70
From Wikipedia, «Tehran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
During the Battle of Robat Karim, Iranian forces led by Heydar Latifiyan prevented the Russians from taking Tehran, despite the latter winning the battle.
Who acts: Iranian forces, latter · What happens: lead, prevent, take, win · To what, where: Iranian forces, Russians, Tehran, battle
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tehran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iranian forces, latter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | During | during | ADP | _ | 3 Battle | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Battle | det |
| 3 | Battle | Battle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 prevented | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Robat | case |
| 5 | Robat | Robat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Battle | nmod |
| 6 | Karim | Karim | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Robat | flat |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Battle | punct |
| 8 | Iranian | Iranian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 forces | amod |
| 9 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 prevented | nsubj |
| 10 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 forces | acl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 Heydar | case |
| 12 | Heydar | Heydar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 led | obl:agent |
| 13 | Latifiyan | Latifiyan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Heydar | flat |
| 14 | prevented | prevent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Russians | det |
| 16 | Russians | Russian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 prevented | obj |
| 17 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 18 taking | mark |
| 18 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 prevented | advcl |
| 19 | Tehran | Tehran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 taking | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 winning | punct |
| 21 | despite | despite | ADP | _ | 24 winning | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 latter | det |
| 23 | latter | latter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 winning | nsubj |
| 24 | winning | win | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 prevented | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 battle | det |
| 26 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 winning | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 prevented | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | participle | Iranian forces not said here | Heydar obl:agent | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | ||||
| 2 | prevent | past | Iranian forces | the Russians | during the Battle of Robat | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer russian=Theme | |||
| 3 | take | gerund | Iranian forces not said here | Tehran | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument tehran=Destination | ||||
| 4 | win | gerund | the latter | the battle | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Tehran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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