The Bahamas, sentence 193
From Wikipedia, «The Bahamas», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Since gaining independence, the Bahamas has faced political challenges similar to those of other postcolonial island nations.
What happens: gain, face · To what, where: independence, Bahamas
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Bahamas». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Since | since | SCONJ | _ | 2 gaining | mark |
| 2 | gaining | gain | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 faced | advcl |
| 3 | independence | independence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 gaining | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 gaining | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Bahamas | det |
| 6 | Bahamas | Bahamas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 faced | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 faced | aux |
| 8 | faced | face | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | political | political | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 challenges | amod |
| 10 | challenges | challenge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 faced | obj |
| 11 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 challenges | amod |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 those | case |
| 13 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 11 similar | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 nations | case |
| 15 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 nations | amod |
| 16 | postcolonial | postcolonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 nations | amod |
| 17 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 nations | compound |
| 18 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 those | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 faced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gain | gerund | independence | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Theme | |||||
| 2 | face | present · perfect · passive | the Bahamas | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «The Bahamas», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/The_Bahamas/193/