The Gambia, sentence 155
From Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A 1991 court challenge by the PDOIS against irregularities on the electoral register in Banjul was dismissed on a technicality.
Who acts: PDOIS · What happens: dismiss, challenge · To what, where: court challenge, technicality
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Gambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (PDOIS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 challenge | det |
| 2 | 1991 | 1991 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 court | nummod |
| 3 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 challenge | compound |
| 4 | challenge | challenge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 dismissed | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 PDOIS | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 PDOIS | det |
| 7 | PDOIS | PDOIS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 challenge | nmod |
| 8 | against | against | ADP | _ | 9 irregularities | case |
| 9 | irregularities | irregularity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 challenge | nmod |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 register | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 register | det |
| 12 | electoral | electoral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 register | amod |
| 13 | register | register | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 irregularities | nmod |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 Banjul | case |
| 15 | Banjul | Banjul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 register | nmod |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 dismissed | aux:pass |
| 17 | dismissed | dismiss | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 technicality | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 technicality | det |
| 20 | technicality | technicality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 dismissed | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 dismissed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dismiss | past · passive | a court challenge by the PDOIS against irregularities on the electoral register in Banjul | a technicality | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | challenge | the PDOIS | against irregularities on the electoral register in Banjul | nom challenge «state transitive»: by=agent against=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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