Togo, sentence 110
From Wikipedia, «Togo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Electoral observers noted "procedural errors" and technical problems, and the opposition did not recognise the results, claiming irregularities had affected the outcome.
Who acts: Electoral observers, opposition · What happens: note, not recognise, claim, affect · To what, where: procedural errors, results, irregularities · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Togo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electoral observers, opposition), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electoral | electoral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 observers | amod |
| 2 | observers | observer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 noted | nsubj |
| 3 | noted | note | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 errors | punct |
| 5 | procedural | procedural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 errors | amod |
| 6 | errors | error | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 noted | obj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 errors | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 problems | cc |
| 9 | technical | technical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 problems | amod |
| 10 | problems | problem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 errors | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 recognise | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 recognise | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 opposition | det |
| 14 | opposition | opposition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 recognise | nsubj |
| 15 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 recognise | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 recognise | advmod |
| 17 | recognise | recognise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 noted | parataxis |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 results | det |
| 19 | results | result | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 recognise | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 claiming | punct |
| 21 | claiming | claim | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 recognise | advcl |
| 22 | irregularities | irregularity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 affected | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 affected | aux |
| 24 | affected | affect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 claiming | ccomp |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 outcome | det |
| 26 | outcome | outcome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 affected | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 noted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | note | past | Electoral observers | procedural errors and technical problems | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent error=Topic | ||||
| 2 | not recognise | past · do-support | the opposition | the results | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer result=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | claim speech: other | gerund | the opposition not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | affect | past · perfect · passive | irregularities | the outcome obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer outcome=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Togo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Togo/110/