Togo, sentence 13
From Wikipedia, «Togo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
In 1993, Eyadéma faced multiparty elections marred by irregularities, and won the presidency three times.
Who acts: Eyadéma · What happens: face, mar, win · To what, where: multiparty elections, presidency
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Togo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eyadéma), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1993 | case |
| 2 | 1993 | 1993 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 faced | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1993 | punct |
| 4 | Eyadéma | Eyadéma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 faced | nsubj |
| 5 | faced | face | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | multiparty | multiparty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 elections | compound |
| 7 | elections | election | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 faced | obj |
| 8 | marred | mar | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 elections | acl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 irregularities | case |
| 10 | irregularities | irregularity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 marred | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 won | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 won | cc |
| 13 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 faced | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 presidency | det |
| 15 | presidency | presidency | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 won | obj |
| 16 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 times | nummod |
| 17 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 won | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 faced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | face | past | Eyadéma | multiparty elections | in 1993 | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent election=Destination in 1993=Theme | |||
| 2 | mar | participle | multiparty elections not said here | by irregularities | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | win | past | Eyadéma not said here | the presidency | time | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presidency=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Togo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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