Ukraine, sentence 328
From Wikipedia, «Ukraine», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
As part of its modernisation after the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, junior officers were allowed to take more initiative and a territorial defence force of volunteers was established.
Who acts: junior officers, member · What happens: allow, take, establish, modernise, begin · To what, where: junior officers, more initiative, territorial defence force, Russo Ukrainian War
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ukraine». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (junior officers, member), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 part | case |
| 2 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 allowed | obl |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 modernisation | case |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 modernisation | nmod:poss |
| 5 | modernisation | modernisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 part | nmod |
| 6 | after | after | ADP | _ | 8 beginning | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 beginning | det |
| 8 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 modernisation | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 War | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 War | det |
| 11 | Russo | Russo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 War | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 Russo | punct |
| 13 | Ukrainian | Ukrainian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 War | compound |
| 14 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 beginning | nmod |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 2014 | case |
| 16 | 2014 | 2014 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 part | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 part | punct |
| 18 | junior | junior | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 officers | amod |
| 19 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 allowed | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 allowed | aux:pass |
| 21 | allowed | allow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 take | mark |
| 23 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 allowed | xcomp |
| 24 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 25 initiative | amod |
| 25 | initiative | initiative | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 take | obj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 established | cc |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 force | det |
| 28 | territorial | territorial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 force | amod |
| 29 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 force | compound |
| 30 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 established | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 volunteers | case |
| 32 | volunteers | volunteer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 force | nmod |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 established | aux:pass |
| 34 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 take | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 allowed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | allow | past · passive | junior officers | as part of member's modernisation after the beginning of the Russo Ukrainian War in 2014 | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | take not said to happen | to-infinitive | junior officers not said here | more initiative | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent initiative=Theme | ||||
| 3 | establish | past · passive | a territorial defence force of volunteers | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 4 | modernise | member | after the beginning of the Russo Ukrainian War | nom modernisation «act transitive»: poss=agent after=obl | |||||
| 5 | begin | the Russo Ukrainian War | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ukraine», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ukraine/328/