Ukraine, sentence 419
From Wikipedia, «Ukraine», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Ukrainian school textbooks have been banned, and those who wish to study in Ukrainian are forced to do so in secret from the occupation authorities.
Who acts: those · What happens: ban, wish, study, force, do · To what, where: Ukrainian school textbooks, Ukrainian, those, secret
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ukraine». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ukrainian | ukrainian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 textbooks | amod |
| 2 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 textbooks | compound |
| 3 | textbooks | textbook | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 banned | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 banned | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 banned | aux:pass |
| 6 | banned | ban | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 forced | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 forced | cc |
| 9 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 wish | nsubj |
| 11 | wish | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 those | acl:relcl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 study | mark |
| 13 | study | study | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 wish | xcomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 Ukrainian | case |
| 15 | Ukrainian | Ukrainian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 study | obl |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 forced | aux:pass |
| 17 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 banned | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 do | mark |
| 19 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 forced | xcomp |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 do | advmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 secret | case |
| 22 | secret | secret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 do | obl |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 authorities | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 authorities | det |
| 25 | occupation | occupation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 authorities | compound |
| 26 | authorities | authority | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 do | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 banned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ban | present · perfect · passive | Ukrainian school textbooks | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | wish | present | who nsubj | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | study not said to happen | to-infinitive | Ukrainian | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | force | present · passive | those | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | do | to-infinitive | those not said here | secret | from the occupation authorities | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Ukraine», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ukraine/419/