United States, sentence 251
From Wikipedia, «United States», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
States are subdivided into counties or county equivalents, which (except in Hawaii) can permit the formation of independent municipalities administered by their own elected representatives.
Who acts: county equivalents · What happens: subdivide, permit, administer, elect · To what, where: States, counties, formation, independent municipalities
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «United States». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (county equivalents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 subdivided | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 subdivided | aux:pass |
| 3 | subdivided | subdivide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 5 counties | case |
| 5 | counties | county | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 subdivided | obl |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 equivalents | cc |
| 7 | county | county | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 equivalents | compound |
| 8 | equivalents | equivalent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 counties | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 permit | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 permit | nsubj |
| 11 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 14 Hawaii | punct |
| 12 | except | except | ADP | _ | 14 Hawaii | case |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 Hawaii | case |
| 14 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 which | appos |
| 15 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 14 Hawaii | punct |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 permit | aux |
| 17 | permit | permit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 equivalents | acl:relcl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 formation | det |
| 19 | formation | formation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 permit | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 municipalities | case |
| 21 | independent | independent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 municipalities | amod |
| 22 | municipalities | municipality | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 formation | nmod |
| 23 | administered | administer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 municipalities | acl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 representatives | case |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 representatives | nmod:poss |
| 26 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 representatives | amod |
| 27 | elected | elect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 representatives | amod |
| 28 | representatives | representative | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 administered | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 subdivided | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | subdivide | present · passive | States | counties or county equivalents | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | permit | can | county equivalents | the formation of independent municipalities | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent formation=Theme | ||||
| 3 | administer | participle | independent municipalities not said here | by States's own elected representatives | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | elect | participle | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «United States», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/United_States/251/