Vanuatu, sentence 14
From Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
A few years earlier French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville had named the islands Archipel des grandes Cyclades ("Archipelago of the Great Cyclades"), but this name was replaced in French by Nouvelles-Hébrides, a translation of Cook's name.
Who acts: Nouvelles, name, Cook · What happens: name, replace, translate · To what, where: French explorer, name, French
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nouvelles, name, Cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 years | det |
| 2 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 years | amod |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 earlier | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | earlier | early | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 12 named | advmod |
| 5 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 explorer | amod |
| 6 | explorer | explorer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 named | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | Louis | Louis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 named | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | Antoine | Antoine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Louis | flat |
| 9 | de | de | ADP | _ | 10 Bougainville | case |
| 10 | Bougainville | Bougainville | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Louis | nmod |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 named | aux |
| 12 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 islands | det |
| 14 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 named | obj |
| 15 | Archipel | Archipel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 grandes | compound |
| 16 | des | des | X | _ | 17 grandes | compound |
| 17 | grandes | grande | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 Cyclades | nsubj |
| 18 | Cyclades | Cyclade | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 islands | nmod |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 Archipelago | punct |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 Archipelago | punct |
| 21 | Archipelago | Archipelago | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Cyclades | appos |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Cyclades | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Cyclades | det |
| 24 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Cyclades | amod |
| 25 | Cyclades | Cyclade | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 Archipelago | nmod |
| 26 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 Archipelago | punct |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 Archipelago | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 replaced | punct |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 replaced | cc |
| 30 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 name | det |
| 31 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 replaced | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 replaced | aux:pass |
| 33 | replaced | replace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 named | conj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 French | case |
| 35 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 replaced | obl |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 37 Nouvelles | case |
| 37 | Nouvelles | Nouvelles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 replaced | obl |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 Hébrides | punct |
| 39 | Hébrides | Hébrides | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Nouvelles | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 translation | punct |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 translation | det |
| 42 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Nouvelles | appos |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 name | case |
| 44 | Cook | Cook | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 name | nmod:poss |
| 45 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 44 Cook | case |
| 46 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 translation | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 named | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | name | past · perfect · passive | French explorer | Louis de Bougainville nsubj:pass; the islands Cyclades Archipel des grandes obj; early property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme island=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | replace | past · passive | Nouvelles and Hébrides | this name | French | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme | |||
| 3 | translate | Cook's name | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 4 | name | Cook | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/14/