Vanuatu, sentence 220
From Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets have combined to lock rural families into a subsistence or self-reliance mode, putting tremendous pressure on local ecosystems.
What happens: combine, lock, put, lack · To what, where: lack, rural families, subsistence, tremendous pressure, local ecosystems, employment opportunities
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Additionally | additionally | ADV | _ | 15 combined | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Additionally | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 lack | det |
| 4 | lack | lack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 combined | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 opportunities | case |
| 6 | employment | employment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 opportunities | compound |
| 7 | opportunities | opportunity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 lack | nmod |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 industry | case |
| 9 | industry | industry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 opportunities | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 inaccessibility | cc |
| 11 | inaccessibility | inaccessibility | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 industry | conj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 markets | case |
| 13 | markets | market | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 opportunities | nmod |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 combined | aux |
| 15 | combined | combine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 lock | mark |
| 17 | lock | lock | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 combined | xcomp |
| 18 | rural | rural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 families | amod |
| 19 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 lock | obj |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 subsistence | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 subsistence | det |
| 22 | subsistence | subsistence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 lock | obl |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 27 mode | cc |
| 24 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 reliance | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 self | punct |
| 26 | reliance | reliance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 mode | compound |
| 27 | mode | mode | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 subsistence | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 putting | punct |
| 29 | putting | put | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 lock | advcl |
| 30 | tremendous | tremendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 pressure | amod |
| 31 | pressure | pressure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 putting | obj |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 ecosystems | case |
| 33 | local | local | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 ecosystems | amod |
| 34 | ecosystems | ecosystem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 putting | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 combined | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | combine | present · perfect · passive | the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets | additionally property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | lock | to-infinitive | rural families | a subsistence or reliance mode | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Patient | ||||
| 3 | put | gerund | tremendous pressure | local ecosystems | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pressure=Theme on ecosystem=Destination | ||||
| 4 | lack | employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/220/