Vanuatu, sentence 4
From Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator Fernandes de Queirós, who arrived on the largest island, Espíritu Santo, in 1606.
Who acts: islands, Fernandes · What happens: visit, be, lead, arrive · To what, where: Spanish expedition, largest island, first Europeans
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (islands, Fernandes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Europeans | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 Europeans | amod |
| 3 | Europeans | European | PROPN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 visit | mark |
| 5 | visit | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 Europeans | advcl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 islands | det |
| 7 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 expedition | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 expedition | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 expedition | det |
| 10 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 expedition | amod |
| 11 | expedition | expedition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 visit | ccomp |
| 12 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 expedition | acl |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 navigator | case |
| 14 | Portuguese | portuguese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 navigator | amod |
| 15 | navigator | navigator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 led | obl |
| 16 | Fernandes | Fernandes | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 navigator | appos |
| 17 | de | de | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Fernandes | flat |
| 18 | Queirós | Queirós | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Fernandes | flat |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 arrived | punct |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 arrived | nsubj |
| 21 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 Fernandes | acl:relcl |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 island | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 island | det |
| 24 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 25 island | amod |
| 25 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 arrived | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Espíritu | punct |
| 27 | Espíritu | Espíritu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 island | appos |
| 28 | Santo | Santo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Espíritu | flat |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 1606 | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 1606 | case |
| 31 | 1606 | 1606 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 arrived | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 Europeans | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | visit | to-infinitive | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | the islands | a Spanish expedition | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | lead | participle | a Spanish expedition not said here | by Portuguese navigator | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by navigator=Destination | ||||
| 4 | arrive | past | Fernandes | the largest island | in 1606 | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/4/