Vanuatu, sentence 66
From Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Further sandalwood trees were found on Efate, Espiritu Santo, and Aneityum, prompting a series of boom and busts, though supplies were essentially exhausted by the mid-1860s, and the trade largely ceased.
Who acts: mid-1860s · What happens: find, prompt, bust, exhaust, cease · To what, where: Further sandalwood trees, Efate, series, supplies, trade
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mid-1860s), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Further | further | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 trees | amod |
| 2 | sandalwood | sandalwood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 trees | compound |
| 3 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 found | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 found | aux:pass |
| 5 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 Efate | case |
| 7 | Efate | Efate | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 found | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Espiritu | punct |
| 9 | Espiritu | Espiritu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Efate | conj |
| 10 | Santo | Santo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Espiritu | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Aneityum | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 Aneityum | cc |
| 13 | Aneityum | Aneityum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Efate | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 prompting | punct |
| 15 | prompting | prompt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 found | advcl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 series | det |
| 17 | series | series | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 prompting | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 boom | case |
| 19 | boom | boom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 series | nmod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 busts | cc |
| 21 | busts | bust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 found | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 exhausted | punct |
| 23 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 27 exhausted | mark |
| 24 | supplies | supplies | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 27 exhausted | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 exhausted | aux:pass |
| 26 | essentially | essentially | ADV | _ | 27 exhausted | advmod |
| 27 | exhausted | exhaust | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 found | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 mid-1860s | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 mid-1860s | det |
| 30 | mid-1860s | mid-1860 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 27 exhausted | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 ceased | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 ceased | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 trade | det |
| 34 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 ceased | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | largely | largely | ADV | _ | 36 ceased | advmod |
| 36 | ceased | cease | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 found | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past · passive | Further sandalwood trees | Efate and Espiritu and Aneityum | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 2 | prompt | gerund | a series of boom | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition series=Patient | |||||
| 3 | bust | present | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | exhaust | past · passive | the mid-1860s | supplies | essentially property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | cease | participle · passive | the trade | largely property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/66/