Venezuela, sentence 134
From Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
Hugo Chávez, who in 1982 had promised to depose the bipartisanship governments, used the growing anger at economic austerity measures to justify a coup attempt in February 1992; a second coup d'état attempt occurred in November.
Who acts: Hugo · What happens: promise, depose, use, grow, justify, occur · To what, where: 1982, bipartisanship governments, growing anger, economic austerity measures, coup attempt, second d'état attempt
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Venezuela». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hugo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hugo | Hugo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 used | nsubj |
| 2 | Chávez | Chávez | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Hugo | flat |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 promised | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 promised | nsubj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 1982 | case |
| 6 | 1982 | 1982 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 promised | obl |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 promised | aux |
| 8 | promised | promise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 Hugo | acl:relcl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 depose | mark |
| 10 | depose | depose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 promised | xcomp |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 governments | det |
| 12 | bipartisanship | bipartisanship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 governments | compound |
| 13 | governments | government | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 depose | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hugo | punct |
| 15 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 anger | det |
| 17 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 anger | amod |
| 18 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 used | obj |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 22 measures | case |
| 20 | economic | economic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 measures | amod |
| 21 | austerity | austerity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 measures | compound |
| 22 | measures | measure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 used | obl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 justify | mark |
| 24 | justify | justify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 used | advcl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 attempt | det |
| 26 | coup | coup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 attempt | compound |
| 27 | attempt | attempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 justify | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 February | case |
| 29 | February | February | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 attempt | nmod |
| 30 | 1992 | 1992 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 29 February | nmod:unmarked |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 attempt | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 attempt | det |
| 33 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 36 attempt | amod |
| 34 | coup | coup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 d'état | compound |
| 35 | d'état | d'état | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 attempt | compound |
| 36 | attempt | attempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 used | obl |
| 37 | occurred | occur | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 attempt | acl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 November | case |
| 39 | November | November | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 occurred | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | promise speech: promise | past · perfect | Hugo | 1982 | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | depose not said to happen | to-infinitive | Hugo not said here | the bipartisanship governments | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent government=Theme | ||||
| 3 | use | past | Hugo | the growing anger | economic austerity measures | a second d'état attempt obl | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anger=Patient | ||
| 4 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | justify speech: other | to-infinitive | Hugo not said here | a coup attempt | in February 1992 | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attempt=Topic | |||
| 6 | occur | participle | a second d'état attempt not said here | november | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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