Venezuela, sentence 94
From Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
The dispute became a diplomatic crisis when Venezuela's lobbyist, William L. Scruggs, sought to argue that British behavior over the issue violated the United States' Monroe Doctrine of 1823, and used his influence in Washington, D.C., to pursue the matter.
Who acts: dispute, lobbyist, British behavior · What happens: become, seek, argue, violate, use, pursue · To what, where: diplomatic crisis, States Monroe Doctrine, influence, Washington, matter · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Venezuela». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dispute, lobbyist, British behavior), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dispute | det |
| 2 | dispute | dispute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 crisis | det |
| 5 | diplomatic | diplomatic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 crisis | amod |
| 6 | crisis | crisis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 became | xcomp |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 sought | advmod |
| 8 | Venezuela | Venezuela | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 lobbyist | nmod:poss |
| 9 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 8 Venezuela | case |
| 10 | lobbyist | lobbyist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sought | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 William | punct |
| 12 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 lobbyist | appos |
| 13 | L. | L. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 William | flat |
| 14 | Scruggs | Scruggs | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 William | flat |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 lobbyist | punct |
| 16 | sought | seek | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 argue | mark |
| 18 | argue | argue | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 sought | xcomp |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 violated | mark |
| 20 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 behavior | amod |
| 21 | behavior | behavior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 violated | nsubj |
| 22 | over | over | ADP | _ | 24 issue | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 issue | det |
| 24 | issue | issue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 behavior | nmod |
| 25 | violated | violate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 argue | ccomp |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 States | det |
| 27 | United | United | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 States | amod |
| 28 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 31 Doctrine | compound |
| 29 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 28 States | case |
| 30 | Monroe | Monroe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Doctrine | compound |
| 31 | Doctrine | Doctrine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 violated | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 1823 | case |
| 33 | 1823 | 1823 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 Doctrine | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 used | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 used | cc |
| 36 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | conj |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 influence | nmod:poss |
| 38 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 used | obj |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 Washington | case |
| 40 | Washington | Washington | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 used | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 D.C. | punct |
| 42 | D.C. | D.C. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Washington | nmod:unmarked |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 pursue | punct |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 pursue | mark |
| 45 | pursue | pursue | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 36 used | parataxis |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 matter | det |
| 47 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 pursue | obj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | the dispute | a diplomatic crisis | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | seek | past | Venezuela's lobbyist | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | argue speech: disagree not said to happen | to-infinitive | Venezuela's lobbyist not said here | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | violate | past | British behavior over the issue | States Monroe Doctrine of 1823 | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | use | past | the dispute not said here | dispute's influence | Washington D.C. | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent influence=Patient | |||
| 6 | pursue | to-infinitive | the matter | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent matter=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Venezuela/94/