Zimbabwe, sentence 112
From Wikipedia, «Zimbabwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.
New names for 32 places were gazetted on 18 April 1982 and by February 1984, there had been 42 changes, which included three rivers (Umniati/Munyati; Lundi/Runde; Nuanetsi/Mwenezi), and several changes from colonial names (such as Salisbury/Harare; Enkeldoorn/Chivhu; Essexvale/Esigodini; Fort Victoria/Masvingo)
Who acts: 42 changes · What happens: gazette, be, include · To what, where: New names, 18, three rivers
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Zimbabwe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (42 changes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 names | amod |
| 2 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 gazetted | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 places | case |
| 4 | 32 | 32 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 places | nummod |
| 5 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 names | nmod |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 gazetted | aux:pass |
| 7 | gazetted | gazette | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 18 | case |
| 9 | 18 | 18 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 gazetted | obl |
| 10 | April | April | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 18 | nmod:unmarked |
| 11 | 1982 | 1982 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 18 | flat |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 February | cc |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 February | case |
| 14 | February | February | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 18 | conj |
| 15 | 1984 | 1984 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 February | flat |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 been | punct |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 been | expl |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 been | aux |
| 19 | been | be | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 gazetted | advcl |
| 20 | 42 | 42 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 changes | nummod |
| 21 | changes | change | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 been | nsubj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 included | punct |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 included | nsubj |
| 24 | included | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 changes | acl |
| 25 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 rivers | nummod |
| 26 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 included | obj |
| 27 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 Umniati/Munyati | punct |
| 28 | Umniati/Munyati | Umniati/Munyati | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 rivers | appos |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 Lundi/Runde | punct |
| 30 | Lundi/Runde | Lundi/Runde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Umniati/Munyati | conj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 Nuanetsi/Mwenezi | punct |
| 32 | Nuanetsi/Mwenezi | Nuanetsi/Mwenezi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Umniati/Munyati | conj |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 28 Umniati/Munyati | punct |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 changes | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 changes | cc |
| 36 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 changes | amod |
| 37 | changes | change | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 gazetted | conj |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 names | case |
| 39 | colonial | colonial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 names | amod |
| 40 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 changes | nmod |
| 41 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 44 Salisbury/Harare | punct |
| 42 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 44 Salisbury/Harare | case |
| 43 | as | as | ADP | _ | 42 such | fixed |
| 44 | Salisbury/Harare | Salisbury/Harare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 names | appos |
| 45 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 Enkeldoorn/Chivhu | punct |
| 46 | Enkeldoorn/Chivhu | Enkeldoorn/Chivhu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Salisbury/Harare | conj |
| 47 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 Essexvale/Esigodini | punct |
| 48 | Essexvale/Esigodini | Essexvale/Esigodini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Salisbury/Harare | conj |
| 49 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 Fort | punct |
| 50 | Fort | Fort | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Salisbury/Harare | nmod |
| 51 | Victoria/Masvingo | Victoria/Masvingo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 Fort | flat |
| 52 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 44 Salisbury/Harare | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gazette | past · passive | New names for 32 places | 18 April and February | several changes from colonial names conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | be | past · perfect | 42 changes | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | include | past | 42 changes | three rivers | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: the English Wikipedia, «Zimbabwe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tree: Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Zimbabwe/112/