have
part of speech
verb (have, has, had, having; short forms 've, 's, 'd); auxiliary (have done)
meaning for a pupil
1) To have is to own or hold something: I have a bike. tree →
2) To have is to be made of or contain: A week has 7 days. tree →
3) To have is to eat, drink or take part in: have lunch, have a bath, have fun. tree →
4) «Have to» means must: I have to go. tree →
5) Have helps make past tenses: I have finished. tree →
6) To have can mean to get or be ill with: have a cold, have a baby. tree →
7) (casual) «Have got» or just «got» means have: I've got 2; «hafta» and «gotta» mean have to; «I'll have a …» orders food. tree →
8) (rough) «You've had it!» means you are in big trouble; «I've had it with you» means I have lost patience; «have a go at» means attack with words; «been had» means been tricked. tree →
9) (formal) The exam voice says «possess», «be in possession of», «hold», «retain», «comprise», «contain», «be obliged to» (have to). tree →
sense in the lessons
In the Tanakh and Jewish tradition: "Thou shalt have no other gods" is the second of the Ten Commandments in many counts, and the rabbis read it as a ban on serving any power besides God. In the primary lessons: how many someone owns, at the start («had») or now («have», «has»); «has … now» asks for the end amount; «each bag has 4» = the size of one group; in everyday life «have to», «have a go», «have a good day», «have a look»; in science «insects have 6 legs»; in casual talk «got» for have, «I'll have the chips»; in rough talk «you've had it», «I've had enough»; in the exam voice «is in possession of», «retains», «comprises»
examples
- And Sarai was barren; she had no child. (Torah GEN.11.30, JPS 1917) tree →
- Thou shalt have no other gods before Me. (Torah EXO.20.3, JPS 1917) tree →
- And Abraham gave all that he had unto Isaac. (Torah GEN.25.5, JPS 1917) tree →
- Shall windy words have an end? (Writings JOB.16.3, JPS 1917) tree →
- 'Who would have believed our report? (Prophets ISA.53.1, JPS 1917) tree →
- I the LORD have spoken it.' (Prophets EZK.5.17, JPS 1917) tree →
- Zoe had 8 books and lost 5. How many books does Zoe have now? tree →
- Each bag has 4 stamps. tree →
- Tom has 3 more pens than Ali. tree →
- A week has 7 days. tree →
- A spider has 8 legs and an insect has 6. tree →
- We have pasta for dinner on Fridays. tree →
- I have to finish my homework. tree →
- Have you ever seen snow? tree →
- Have fun at the party! tree →
- got 7 ants in the jar lol how many legs is that tree →
- Break that again and you've had it! tree →
- How many does Zoe retain, given that she was initially in possession of 8 volumes and subsequently mislaid 5? tree →
note
No clue alone: «had N» is the start, «has … now» asks for the end; «was in possession of» and «retains» in an exam work the same way. Trap: «has N more/fewer … than» is a comparison, not a change. Forms: I/you/we/they have; he/she/it has; past had. A week has 7 days; a day has 24 hours; an insect has 6 legs; a spider has 8 legs. «I've got 3» means I have 3. «You've had it» is a warning, not about owning.
In the corpora
- And God saw every thing that He had made, and, behold, it was very good.
- And the LORD God planted a garden eastward, in Eden; and there He put the man whom He had formed.
- Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made.
- Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?'
- And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering;
Trees and pragmatics
Every meaning and example of «have» parsed by Mova, each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.