each
part of speech
determiner, pronoun; adverb (they cost 2 dollars each)
meaning for a pupil
1) Each means every single one of a group, taken one by one: each child got a pencil. tree →
2) After a price or number, each means for every one: 3 dollars each. tree →
3) «Each other» means one another: they hugged each other. tree →
4) (casual) In chatty speech «each» is often dropped or replaced: «2 dollar a pop», «3 quid apiece», «a fiver a head», «one each». tree →
5) (formal) The exam voice says «per», «per unit», «per capita», «respectively», «apiece», «individually», «in respect of each». tree →
sense in the lessons
in «in each» the size of one equal group («6 marbles in each box»); in «each … get» one equal share after sharing; «costs 4 each» = price of one, multiply for many; in everyday life «each other», «each time», «each day», «one each»; in casual talk «a pop», «a head», «apiece», «each» after a price; in the exam voice «per unit», «per capita», «respectively»
examples
- Lily has 5 boxes with 6 marbles in each box. tree →
- Anna has 18 pencils and shares them equally among 2 friends. How many pencils does each friend get? tree →
- Each pack costs 4 pounds. How much do 3 packs cost? tree →
- Each child must bring a hat. tree →
- The apples are 50 cents each. tree →
- Max and Leo help each other. tree →
- Each time I sneeze, the dog jumps. tree →
- Give each plant some water. tree →
- we're 4, need 3 each, how many sausages then tree →
- tickets are a fiver a head, there's 6 of us tree →
- Each item is priced at 4 pounds per unit; compute the total expenditure incurred upon purchase of 3 units. tree →
- Tom and Ben receive 5 and 7 cards respectively. tree →
- The children gazed at each other. tree →
note
«each» marks equal groups or equal shares. If the size of each group is given, multiply; if the total is given and «each» asks for one share, divide. Trap: «each» in the question with a total in the story means divide, not multiply. «Each» takes a singular verb: each child has. «a head», «a pop», «apiece» and «per unit» all mean «each». «respectively» in an exam pairs the lists in order: Tom gets 5, Ben gets 7.
In the corpora
- A pay rise is an increase in pay; some come each year, others have to be asked for.
- If prices rise and pay doesn't, a person is really getting poorer each year.
- A chore chart lists the household jobs and who does each one, so work is shared fairly and nobody has to nag.
- Much housework is invisible, like booking appointments and planning meals, so each grown-up may not see what the other does.
- "Going out with someone" means two people are a couple who spend time together because they like each other a lot.
Trees and pragmatics
Every meaning and example of «each» parsed by Mova, each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.