יַיִן

n.m. ψ 75:9 wine (NH id.; Ethiopic ወይን vitis, vinea, vinum; Arabic وَيْنٌ (black) grapes, v. HomZMG 1889, 654; Sab. וין vineyard, MordtZMG 1887, 364 Homl.c. 659 (both after Glaser); Assyrian înu in vocabularies, but this loan-word from western Semites, according to HomAufsätze 102; JenZA i. 186 f., ZMG 1890, 705 argues to the contrary)—abs. יַ֫יִן Gn 9:21 + 84 times; יָ֑יִן Gn 14:18 + 33 times; cstr. יַ֫יִן ψ 60:5 Ct 8:2; יֵין Dt 32:18 + 9 times; sf. יֵינִי Ct 5:1, etc.;—wine: common drink, for refreshment Gn 14:18 (E?) 27:25 (J), Ju 19:19 2 S 16:2 Am 5:11; 9:14 Ho 14:8 Jb 1:13, 18 Dn 1:5 +, tonic Pr 31:6; art. of commerce Ez 27:18 Ne 13:15; among supplies in strongholds 2 Ch 11:11; as making merry 2 S 13:28 Zc 9:15; 10:7 Est 1:10 Ec 9:7; 10:19 ψ 104:15. used for rejoicing before י׳ Dt 14:26, cf. Ho 9:4; as drink-offering in prescribed ritual Ex 29:40 Lv 23:13 Nu 15:5, 7, 10; 28:14; among temple stores 1 Ch 9:29; used also in heathen ceremonial, v. Dt 32:33. intoxicating 1 S 1:14; 25:37 Gn 9:21, 24; 19:32, 33, 34, 35 (all J), Is 5:11, 22 Pr 21:17; 23:30, 31 +; ‖ תִּירוֹשׁ Ho 4:11; ‖ שֵׁכָר 1 S 1:15 Mi 2:11 Is 24:9; 28:7(×2); 56:12 + 12 times; forbidden to Nazirites †Nu 6:3(×2) (חֹמֶץ יַיִן וְחֹמֶץ שֵׁכָר), v 4, 20, cf. Am 2:12; to Rechabites †Je 35:2, 5 f.; to mother of Samson †Ju 13:4, 7, 14; to priests entering sanctuary †Lv 10:9 (P), Ez 44:21; unfitting for kings Pr 31:4. combinations are: יֵין הַטּוֹב Ct 7:10 = the best wine (read כַּיַּיִן?) Ges§ 133. 3, R. 1; יֵין מַלְכוּת Est 1:7 royal wine; אֹצְרוֹת הַיַּיִן 1 Ch 27:27 stores of wine, wine-supply; יַיִן הָרֶקַח Ct 8:2 spiced wine; מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן wine-feast Est 5:6; 7:2, 7, 8; סֹבְאֵי יַיִן Pr 23:20 wine-bibbers; נֹאד יין wine-skin; Jos 9:4, 13 1 S 16:20; נֵבֶל יין id. 1 S 1:24; 10:3; 25:18 2 S 16:1 Je 13:12(×2); בֵּית הַיָּ֑יִן Ct 2:4 either winehouse, where wine is drunk, feasting-house (De al.), or place of wine = vineyard (Ew al.; cf. גֶּפֶן יַיִן Nu 6:4). metaph. of wisdom’s drink Pr 9:2, 5, cf. Is 55:1; of י׳’s wrath Je 25:15 (כּוֹס היין); of confusion sent by י׳, יַיִן תַּרְעֵלָה wine of reeling ψ 60:5, cf. 75:9; of י׳’s awaking for vengeance, like a wine-shouter ψ 78:65; of Babylon’s fierce power Je 51:7; of love Ct 5:1; יֵין חֲמָסִים Pr 4:17; in sim. of one bursting with words Jb 32:19; of disheartened proph. Je 23:9 (כְּגֶבֶר עֲבָרוֹ יַיִן); of lover’s mouth Ct 7:10 (v. supr.); love is better than wine Ct 1:2; 4:10.