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מַעַל

«מַעַל» in the Tanakh dictionary: higher part — how often it is used, MACULA's glosses, its meanings in the printed dictionaries and why they were chosen, and 2 verses in layers.

Used: 140 times · Key: 4605 · BDB: מַ֫עַל³

Glosses

above (52); upward (48); upwards (37)

Meaning (OSHB)

higher part tree →

Meaning (BDB 1906)

subst., higher part adv. prep. above, upwards tree →

The whole BDB entry

subst., higher part, only in adv. and prep. phrases; above, upwards (Ph. מעל, v. sub מַ֫טָּה p. 641: abbrev. from מַעֲלֶה; cf. מַ֫עַן in לְמַ֫עַן from עָנָה: Köii 116):— מִמַּ֫עַל = above (v. מִן 1 c): as adv. Am 2:9 וָאָשְׁמִיד פִּרְיוֹ מִמַּעַל his fruit above (opp. שָׁרָשָׁיו מִתָּ֑חַת), Jb 18:16; 1 K 7:3, 20, 29; often in the phr. הַשָּׁמַיִם מִמַּעַל Dt 4:39; 5:8 (= Ex 20:4), Jos 2:11; 1 K 8:23; Is 45:8; Je 4:28; cf. שְׁחַקִים מ׳ ψ 78:23; Pr 8:28, אֱלוֹהַּ מ׳ Jb 3:4; 31:2, אֵל מ׳ 31:28. מִמַּעַל לְ, as prep. (מן 1 c), on the top of, above, Gn 22:9 ממעל לָעֵצִים above the wood, Ex 28:27 = 39:20, Lv 11:21 כְּרָעַיִם מִמַּעַל לְרַגְלָיו, Is 6:2 שְׂרָפִים עֹמדים מִמַּעַל לוֹ, 14:13; Je 43:10; Ez 1:26; Dn 12:6, 7; = on higher ground than, Je 35:4; fig. Je 52:32 (‖ 2 K 25:28 מֵעַל). With ה—ָloc. מַ֫עְלָה, מָ֑עְלָה, upwards (opp. מַ֫טָּה p. 641): fig. Dt 28:43 יַעֲלֶה עָלֶיךָ מַ֫עְלָה מָ֑עְלָה upwards, upwards, i.e. higher and higher (opp. מַ֫טָּה מָֽטָּה). וָמַ֫עְלָה (a) of direction in space, Ju 1:36 מֵהַסֶּלַע וָמַ֫עְלָה from the rock and upwards (cf. Bu), 1 K 7:31 (corrupt: v. Sta VB Benz), 1 S 9:2 = 10:23 מִשִּׁכְמוֹ וָמַ֫עְלָה from his shoulder and upwards: so וּלְמ׳, †Ez 1:27 מִמַּרְאֵה מָתְנָיו וּלְמָ֑עְלָה, 8:2; 43:15. (b) of direction in time, or age:—(α) מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה Ex 30:14; Nu 1:3 + 19 times P, מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ וָמ׳ Nu 3:15, 22 + 6 times P, simil. 4:3; 8:24 + 7 times P; elsewhere only 1 Ch 23:3, 24; Ezr 3:8, and with וּלְמַעְלָה †1 Ch 23:17; 2 Ch 31:16, 17; לְמִבֶּן … וָמ׳ †2 Ch 25:5; and 2 K 3:21 מִכֹּל חֹגֵר חֲגֹרָה וָמ׳. †(β) מהיום ההוא וָמ׳ from that day and onwards, 1 S 16:13; 30:25. †(γ) מן היום הזה וָמ׳ from this day and upwards (i.e. and back), Hg 2:15, 18.* לְמַ֫עְלָה upwards, more common than מ׳ alone (a): (α) Ex 25:20 (= 37:9) פֹּֽרְשֵׂי כְנָפַיִם למ׳, Ju 7:13 ויהפכהו למ׳ overthrew it upwards, i.e. turned it downside up, Is 7:11 אוֹ הַגְבֵּהַּ למ׳ or make it (the request) high upwards, 8:21 וּפָנָה למ׳, 37:31 (2 K 19:30) זעשׂה פרי למ׳ (cf. Am 2:9, 1 a), Ez 41:7 a β (v a α bis למ׳ למ׳ = higher and higher), ψ 74:5; fig. וְהָיִיתָ רַק למ׳ Dt 28:13 (cf. a), Pr 15:24 אֹרַח חַיִּים למ׳ (opp. שְׁאוֹל מָֽטָּה׃), cf. Ec 3:21; sq. a noun, Ezr 9:6 למ׳ רּאשׁ over the head, sq. מֵעַל (cf. Aboth 2:1 לְמַעְלָה מִן) = on high above, 2 Ch 34:4: v. ba, ba. (b) metaph. = exceedingly, only in Chr, 1 Ch 14:2; 22:5 the house must be built to J. לְהַגְדְּיל למ׳ so as to shew greatness exceedingly, 23:17 וּבְנֵי ר׳ רָבוּ למ׳, 29:3 (sq. מִן; = over and above …), v 25 2 Ch 1:1 וַיְגַדְּלֵהוּ למ׳, 20:19; עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה, 16:12; 17:12; 26:8. מִלְמַ֫עְלָה (v. מִן 9 a), adv., above (the more usual prose syn. of מִמַּעַל): Gn 6:16 אֶל־אַמָּה תְּכַלֶּנָּה מ׳, 7:20 15 cubits מ׳ (i.e. above the mountain-tops), Ex 25:21 (40:20) וְנָתַתָּ֫ה אֶת־הַכַּפֹּרֶת על הארון מ׳ upon the ark above, 26:14 (36:19; 40:19; Nu 4:25) a covering of skins on the tent מ׳ above, 39:31; Nu 4:6; 1 K 7:11; 7:25; 8:7 (2 Ch 4:4; 5:8), Je 31:37 אִם יִמַּדּוּ שָׁמַיִם מ׳ (cf. 1 a), Ez 1:11 פְּרֻדוֹת מ׳ separate above, v 22, 26; 10:19; 11:22; 37:3; from above, Jos 3:13, 16 הַמַּיִם הַיֹּרְדִים מ׳.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech not compared, 100 of its verses cited, 2 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (9 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech not compared, 2 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (5 candidates)

Trees and pragmatics

Every English meaning of «מַעַל» parsed by Mova, each sentence with its dependency tree and frames.

In the verses

Psalms 78:23

וַיְצַ֣ו שְׁחָקִ֣ים מִמָּ֑עַל וְדַלְתֵ֖י שָׁמַ֣יִם פָּתָֽח׃

Word for word: and he.commanded clouds (from) above and.[the] doors of.heaven he.opened

JPS 1917: And He commanded the skies above, and opened the doors of heaven;

Psalms 74:5

יִ֭וָּדַע כְּמֵבִ֣יא לְמָ֑עְלָה בִּֽסֲבָךְ־עֵ֝֗ץ קַרְדֻּמּֽוֹת׃

Word for word: it.was.known like [one.who].brings (to) upwards in a.thicket of.tree[s] axes

JPS 1917: It seemed as when men wield upwards axes in a thicket of trees.

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