Classification of Verb-Particle Constructions with the Google Web1T Corpus
What it is about
The paper builds a type-level classifier for verb-particle constructions (VPCs), with no parser and no sentence context. For each verb-particle pair it runs the fronting test: it compares the Web1T n-gram counts of the two orders, "verb particle NP" and "verb NP particle", and decides by a learned rule. The evaluation uses 2,000 true VPCs and 2,000 non-VPC pairs. The classifier reaches an F-score of 75.7%, with accuracy 74.7%, recall 74.7% and precision 76.8%, and it handles thousands of queries a second. The authors say that a parser-based method reaches 97.4% F, but only on frequent VPCs in context, so the lightweight method trades accuracy for coverage.
Ideas
- I1. Fronting counts for
en: for each verb-particle candidate from the Mova raw collection, count the two orders in a BTreeMap table and classify with the count ratio. Measure: F on a hand-built set of 2,000 EWT verb-particle pairs and 2,000 non-pairs, with two identical runs. - I2. Use the count ratio as a feature for
en/src/parse.rsat thecompound:prtdecision. Measure: LAS on EWT test sentences with a particle, with and without it. - I3. Check the coverage problem first: the share of candidate pairs with zero counts in the Mova collection. The paper's method needs counts, and a zero-count pair cannot be decided. Measure before any classifier is built.
For Mova
The chapter is 23. Complementation, with 13. Verbs for the particle verbs. The code is en/src/lexgen.rs (the pair list) and en/src/parse.rs (the feature). Web1T is not in Mova; build the counts from the Mova collection. The 2,000-pair sets come from NC resources, so they are for tests only.
Cite
@inproceedings{kummerfeld2008classification,
title = {{Classification of Verb-Particle Constructions with the Google Web1T Corpus}},
author = {Kummerfeld, Jonathan K. and Curran, James R.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Australasian Language Technology Association Workshop 2008},
year = {2008},
url = {https://aclanthology.org/U08-1008/}
}References
- Timothy Baldwin and Aline Villavicencio. 2002. Extracting the unextractable: a case study on verb-particles. In Proceedings of the 2002 Conference on Natural Language Learning, pages 1–7, Taipei, Taiwan, August. find
- Timothy Baldwin. 2005. Looking for prepositional verbs in corpus data. In Proceedings of the 2005 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on the Linguistic Dimensions of Prepositions and their Use in Computational Linguistics Formalisms and Applications, pages 115– 126, Col… find
- Colin Bannard, Timothy Baldwin, and Alex Lascarides. 2003. A statistical approach to the semantics of verb-particles. In Proceedings of the 2003 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Analysis, Acquisition and Treatment, pages 65–72, Sapporo, Japa… find
- Colin Bannard. 2005. Learning about the meaning of verb-particle constructions from corpora. Journal of Computer Speech and Language, 19(4):467–478. find
- Shane Bergsma, Dekang Lin, and Randy Goebel. 2008. Distributional identification of non-referential pronouns. In Proceedings of the 2008 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Human Languages Technologies, pages 10–18, Columbus, Ohio, June. find
- Don Blaheta and Mark Johnson. 2001. Unsupervised learning of multi-word verbs. In Proceedings of the 2001 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on Collocation the Computational Extraction, Analysis and Exploitation of Collocations, pages 54–60, Toulouse, France, July. find
- Thorsten Brants and Alex Franz. 2006. Web1t 5-gram corpus version 1.1. Technical report, Google Research. find
- Paul Cook and Suzanne Stevenson. 2006. Classifying particle semantics in English verb-particle constructions. In Proceedings of the 2006 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics and the International Committee on Computational Linguistics Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Identifying… find
- Afsaneh Fazly and Suzanne Stevenson. 2007. Distinguishing subtypes of multiword expressions using linguistically-motivated statistical neasures. In Proceedings of the 2007 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on A Broader Perspective on Multiword Expressions, pages 9–16,… find
- Afsaneh Fazly, Ryan North, and Suzanne Stevenson. 2005. Automatically distinguishing literal and figurative usages of highly polysemous verbs. In Proceedings of the 2005 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on Deep Lexical Acquisition, Ann Arbor, USA, July. find
- Tobias Hawker, Mary Gardiner, and Andrew Bennetts. 2007. Practical queries of a massive n-gram database. In Proceedings of the 2007 Australasian Language Technology Workshop 2007, pages 40– 48, Melbourne, Australia, December. find
- Su Nam Kim and Timothy Baldwin. 2006. Automatic identification of english verb particle constructions using linguistic features. In Proceedings of the 2006 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on Prepositions, pages 65– 72, Trento, Italy, April. find
- Mirella Lapata and Frank Keller. 2005. Web-based models for natural language processing. ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing, 2(1):1–33. find
- Beth Levin. 1993. English Verb Classes and Alternations: A Preliminary Investigation. University of Chicago Press. find
- Dekang Lin. 1999. Automatic identification of non-compositional phrases. In Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 317–324, College Park, Maryland, USA. find
- Diana McCarthy, Bill Keller, , and John Carroll. 2003. Detecting a continuum of compositionality in phrasal verbs. In Proceedings of the 2003 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Analysis, Acquisition and Treatment, Sapporo, Japan, July. find
- John Ross Quinlan. 1993a. C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA. find our card
- John Ross Quinlan, 1993b. Induction of decision trees, pages 349–361. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA. find
- Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, and Jan Svartvik. 1985. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. Longman, London. find
- David Rumelhart, Geoffrey Hinton, and Ronald Williams, 1986. Learning internal representations by error propagation, pages 318–362. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA. find
- Frank Smadja. 1993. Retrieving collocations from text: Xtract. Journal of Computational Linguistics, 19(1):143–177. find
- David Talbot and Thorsten Brants. 2008. Randomized language models via perfect hash functions. In Proceedings of the 2008 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Human Languages Technologies, pages 505–513, Columbus, Ohio, June. find
- Aline Villavicencio. 2003a. Verb-particle constructions and lexical resources. In Proceedings of the Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: 2003 workshop on Multiword expressions, pages 57–64, Sapporo, Japan, July. find
- Aline Villavicencio. 2003b. Verb-particle constructions in the world wide web. In Proceedings of the 2003 Meeting of the Asociation for Computational Linguistics: Workshop on the Linguistic Dimensions of Prepositions and their use in Computational Linguistics Formalisms and Applications, Sapporo, Ja… find
- Ian H. Witten and Eibe Frank. 2005. Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann, San Fransisco, 2nd edition. find
- Deniz Yuret. 2007. KU: Word sense disambiguation by substitution. In Proceedings of the 2007 International Workshop on Semantic Evaluations, Prague, Czech Republic, June. find
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/docs/papers/aclbulk-2008-kummerfeld-classification-verb-particle-constructions-google/