Annotating the Implicit Content of Sluices
What it is about
Sluicing is ellipsis that leaves behind a single wh-phrase, as when a clause says that some change is clearly needed and the next one ends with "I don't know why". The paper proposes an annotation scheme for the elided content. The content is written as free text and is also linked to its antecedent by degree of correspondence. The authors extract 4,100 sluices from the New York Times part of Gigaword, and at the time of writing have annotated 417 of them. Agreement is reasonable: alpha values between .78 and .88 across eight annotation types, according to the abstract. Of the data, "why" sluices make up 44%, and degree sluices about 20%. The new patterns that came up during annotation are described in the paper.
Ideas
- I1.
en/src/expert.rs: detect the wh-remnant of a sluice from the UD tree, a wh-word attached to a clause with no verb, and output the elided content as a string, following the paper's free-text form. Measure detection on EWT test, where sluices are rare, and hand-check every hit. - I2. Agreement before gold: before any
annotgate uses a set of sluices, two independent annotators label 100 of them, and the alpha per annotation type is reported. A type with low agreement is not used as gold. - I3. Type split for coverage: report the share of why-sluices and degree-sluices in each test set, as the paper does, so that the grammar chapter on questions has a clear count of which types the system covers.
For Mova
The code is en/src/expert.rs and annot. The chapters are 26. Questions and 29. Ellipsis, word order and information structure. The Gigaword source is licensed data and the paper is NC, so the annotated set is for testing only. Measure first: the wh-remnant detector on EWT test, with every hit checked by hand.
Cite
@inproceedings{anand2015annotating,
title = {{Annotating the Implicit Content of Sluices}},
author = {Anand, Pranav and McCloskey, Jim},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th Linguistic Annotation Workshop},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.3115/v1/w15-1621},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w15-1621}
}References
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