The Panchronic Yiqtol: Functionally Consistent and Cognitively Plausible

What it is about

Synchronically the long yiqtol looks chaotic: present progressive and habitual, aspect-neutral future, past habitual and past imperfective, simple past after אָז, relative future after טֶרֶם, many modal senses, and background in narrative but foreground in speech. Andrason applies "panchronic" path theory (grammaticalisation paths from typology): all these uses fit two universal trajectories, the imperfective path (progressive → habitual → present/future) and a modal ability path that branched from the habitual. Uses in the past and in narration are less advanced than in the non-past and in speech, as the theory predicts, because wayyiqtol occupies the past. Historically, he argues, yiqtol continues the old geminated yaqattal (from a reduplicated participle, i.e. iterativity) that took over the shape yaqtulu; it was never a development of the preterite yaqtul.

Ideas

• I1. A yiqtol reading by context, ordered along the path: in narrative past context → habitual/iterative ("used to"), in speech non-past → present or future, with a modal reading when the clause is verb-first or the verb is in a question or a purpose clause; record the chosen reading and the cue in MISC.
• I2. Use the taxonomy (indicative, modal, textual uses, with the particles that trigger them: אָז, טֶרֶם, לָמָּה) as the checklist for the yiqtol section of the verb chapter, each with a Torah example and a count.
• I3. Measure yiqtol's share by text type in the Torah trees (narration vs quoted speech vs law): the path predicts it is rarer and more "imperfective" in narration than in speech.

For Mova

I1 applies to the English reading and the act/form columns in tools/macula/src/prag.rs (and a future Tense/Aspect/Mood in FEATS); I2 goes into The verb; I3 is a measure combining MISC Type with the speech/narration split that prag already makes.

Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. DOI 10.5508/jhs.2010.v10.a10

@article{andrason2010panchronic,
  title = {{The Panchronic Yiqtol: Functionally Consistent and Cognitively Plausible}},
  author = {Andrason, Alexander},
  journal = {Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 10},
  year = {2010},
  doi = {10.5508/jhs.2010.v10.a10},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5508/jhs.2010.v10.a10}
}

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