A Linguistic Reappraisal of the Biblical Hebrew Accusative
What it is about
A generative study of every bare (accusative) noun phrase in Genesis–Deuteronomy, with a spreadsheet of analysed examples. The standard grammars split the accusative into objects and adverbials, disagree about the line, and sort subtypes by meaning. Boulet sorts them by syntax into three classes: secondary predicates (eleven kinds: depictive, circumstantial, resultative, productive, capacitive "make X into Y", complementative …), arguments (selected by a valency pattern; with four distinct three-place structures: preposition ditransitive, double object, causative, complementative), and modifiers (propositional frames, situational time like הַיּוֹם, event time and place, and manner/instrument). Cognate accusatives are not a category of their own: with unaccusative verbs (נָפַל) they can only be modifiers; with unergatives (צָעַק) they may be arguments that count events; a modified cognate noun gives manner ("he feared a great fear" = very afraid). He also takes the "filler" of מָלֵא "fill" as a second object, not an adjunct.
Ideas
- I1. A three-way label for every bare NP that is not the subject: argument (
obj,iobjfor the second object), secondary predicate (xcomp), or modifier (obl:tmod,oblfor place and manner); write the rules (e.g. indefinite NP agreeing in gender and number with the subject or object → depictivexcomp; time nouns יוֹם, לַיְלָה, שָׁנָה →obl:tmod). - I2. A cognate-object rule: noun from the verb's own root, as a bare NP. If the verb is unaccusative or the noun carries an adjective → manner modifier; otherwise object. Count both in the Torah (e.g. Gen 27:33–34 "trembled a great trembling", "cried a great cry").
- I3. Double-object verbs (מָלֵא, נָתַן with two bare NPs, הִשְׁקָה, הִלְבִּישׁ): list them from the dictionary's frames and check the trees give
obj+iobj/objconsistently. - I4. Use the thesis's Pentateuch spreadsheet, if obtainable, as a gold list to score the trees' labels for bare NPs.
For Mova
I1–I3 are head and relation rules in tools/macula (bare-NP labelling), measured with macula compare against PTNK, and a section of Syntax: the clause and the sentence (objects, the accusative). I2 also gives the world reading a manner/intensity value. I3 feeds the frames column of macula dict (10-lexicon.md). I4 is a measure only (thesis data, all rights reserved).
Cite
@inproceedings{boulet2019linguistic,
title = {{A Linguistic Reappraisal of the Biblical Hebrew Accusative}},
author = {Boulet, Jacques},
booktitle = {TSpace (University of Toronto)},
year = {2019},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/1807/97347}
}References
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