Pattern Dictionary of English Prepositions

What it is about

The paper presents the Pattern Dictionary of English Prepositions (PDEP), an editorial tool and database for prepositions, in the style of Corpus Pattern Analysis for verbs. Each of the 304 prepositions has numbered senses, and each sense is described by its complement and governor (the word the prepositional phrase attaches to), its class, its semantic relation and its substitutable prepositions. The sentences come from the Preposition Project corpora: 81,509 sentences in all, of which 47,285 are untagged BNC sentences, and each sentence has a dependency parse with up to 1,500 features. The author notes that the older FrameNet-based SemEval data is unrepresentative: sense distributions differ sharply from a random sample, and a system at 69.3% (SemEval) fell to 39.4% on an Oxford-based corpus. At the time of writing 21.5% of the sample (10,347 of 47,285 sentences) had been tagged.

Ideas

• I1. 22. Phrases: noun, adjective, adverb and prepositional phrases: give each preposition a small table of senses with a governor rule (verb or head to the left, nearest noun) and a complement rule (the nmod/obl head). Count how many of Mova's UD trees fit each sense, and record which rule fired.
• I2. prag/src/roles.rs: use the complement and governor rules as the explanation of a role assignment ("below: complement is a cardinal, lemma average"), so each role can say which feature decided it.
• I3. Sample by design, not by what is easy: draw a fixed number of instances per preposition (250, or 500 and 750 for the large ones) from a random corpus, and report the sense counts before tagging. Keep the FrameNet-like set as a separate, labelled stress set.
• I4. Mark invalid instances (x) as a separate class: adverb or particle uses of down, on the strength of used literally. Measure how often the tagger's preposition label is wrong on these, as a negative control.

For Mova

The place for prepositional phrases is 22. Phrases: noun, adjective, adverb and prepositional phrases, with the sense side in 23. Complementation. The code is en/src/parse.rs (the attachment decisions), prag/src/roles.rs (the role reader) and the world reader world/src/reader.rs. The measure: per-preposition sense accuracy on a held-out tagged sample, drawn by the fixed-size rule in I3, run twice for determinism, and a shuffled-governor control that must score lower.

Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. DOI 10.3115/v1/p14-1120

@inproceedings{litkowski2014pattern,
  title = {{Pattern Dictionary of English Prepositions}},
  author = {Litkowski, Ken},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)},
  year = {2014},
  doi = {10.3115/v1/p14-1120},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p14-1120}
}

References

20 references, 1 of them with a card of ours. ↗ leads to the work, «find» searches for one we have no id for yet.

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