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A Paradigm Change for Formal Syntax: Computational Algorithms in the Grammar of English

What it is about

The paper argues that formal syntax should be replaced by process-based, algorithmic descriptions, and it tests this on English. Its central claim is that the combination of a function word (FW) and a content word (CW), such as "the dog" or "has eaten", is the basic building block of phrases and clauses, and that this combination works like an object-oriented interface (the FW, always visible and fixed) with an implementation (the CW, which varies). The paper derives three functional features from that model and checks them against descriptive grammars: a rigid order with the FW first (the FW is on the left of the CW and of its complements, and the pair resists movement); the constant-versus-variable split (FWs are a closed class, the CW is open); and the role of the pair in the development of syntax and its loss in aphasia and Alzheimer's disease, where function vocabulary goes with syntax and content vocabulary does not. No corpus counts are given; the evidence is descriptive grammars, cross-linguistic surveys (Bakker 1997 on 137 languages), and the psycholinguistic literature the paper cites.

Ideas

For Mova

The chapters are 12. Pronouns, determiners and numerals (determiners before nouns), 22. Phrases: noun, adjective, adverb and prepositional phrases (the phrase as FW plus CW), 13. Verbs with the auxiliaries in the same chapter, and 10. Word classes (the closed and open classes). The code is en/src/lin.rs for word order, en/src/udreg.rs for the function-word features, en/src/dict.rs for the closed list, and en parse-eval for the ablation. The measures are the order-preservation rate on UD EWT dev and the LAS drop with function words removed compared with content words removed, run twice to confirm it is identical.

Cite

The paper itself, not this card. BibTeX from the library's record of the work. arXiv 2205.12825

@misc{ninio2022paradigm,
  title = {{A Paradigm Change for Formal Syntax: Computational Algorithms in the Grammar of English}},
  author = {Ninio, Anat},
  year = {2022},
  eprint = {2205.12825},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12825}
}

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