defile

Who acts: thou, son, oracle, He · What happens: make, not lie, defile, consult, promise, go · To what, where: something, thyself, oracle, victory, himself, chief man

«defile» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defile in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

To make something impure or dirty; as a noun, a narrow path between hills.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 make	obj
4	impure	impure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 something	amod
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 dirty	cc
6	dirty	dirty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 impure	conj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 noun	punct
8	as	as	ADP	_	10 noun	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 noun	det
10	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 path	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 path	det
13	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 path	amod
14	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 noun	appos
15	between	between	ADP	_	16 hills	case
16	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 path	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		something				as a noun	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

And thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her.

From Torah LEV.18.20, JPS 1917.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	5 lie	cc
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	5 lie	nsubj
3	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	5 lie	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 lie	advmod
5	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	carnally	carnally	ADV	_	5 lie	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	11 wife	case
8	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	9 neighbour	nmod:poss
9	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wife	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 neighbour	case
11	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lie	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 defile	punct
13	to	to	PART	_	14 defile	mark
14	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 lie	conj
15	thyself	thyself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch	14 defile	obj
16	with	with	ADP	_	17 her	case
17	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 defile	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lie	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not lie	shall	thou					with thy neighbour's wife; carnally property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	defile	to-infinitive	thou not said here	thyself				with wife	tree rules

Example 2

Twenty years later his son Aristomachus consulted an oracle, which promised him victory if he went by way of the defile.

From Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 years	nummod
2	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 later	obl:unmarked
3	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 consulted	advmod
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 son	nmod:poss
5	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consulted	nsubj
6	Aristomachus	Aristomachus	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 son	appos
7	consulted	consult	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 oracle	det
9	oracle	oracle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consulted	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 promised	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 promised	nsubj
12	promised	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 oracle	acl:relcl
13	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 promised	iobj
14	victory	victory	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 promised	obj
15	if	if	SCONJ	_	17 went	mark
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 went	nsubj
17	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 promised	advcl
18	by	by	ADP	_	19 way	case
19	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 went	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 defile	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 defile	det
22	defile	defile	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 way	nmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 consulted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	consult	past	his son	a oracle		late property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oracle=Theme
2	promise speech: promise	past	a oracle	victory	oracle		vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal victory=Theme
3	go a condition, not said to happen	past	son			by way of the defile	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by way=Location

Example 3

He shall not defile himself, being a chief man among his people, to profane himself.

From Torah LEV.21.4, JPS 1917.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 defile	nsubj
2	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 defile	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 defile	advmod
4	defile	defile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 defile	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 man	punct
7	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 man	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 man	det
9	chief	chief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 man	amod
10	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 defile	obl
11	among	among	ADP	_	13 people	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 people	nmod:poss
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 man	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 profane	punct
15	to	to	PART	_	16 profane	mark
16	profane	profane	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 defile	conj
17	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	16 profane	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 defile	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not defile	shall	He	himself = he		tree rules
2	is a	gerund		a chief man	among man's people	tree rules
3	profane	to-infinitive	He not said here	man		tree rules

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/D/defile/